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Which nerve roots provide sensation to the abdominal wall?

Question

Which nerve roots provide sensation to the abdominal wall?

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Solution

The sensation to the abdominal wall is provided by the thoracic and lumbar nerve roots. Here is the step-by-step breakdown:

  1. The upper part of the abdominal wall is innervated by the lower six thoracic nerve roots (T7-T12). These nerves are also known as the intercostal nerves because they run between the ribs before reaching the abdominal wall.

  2. The lower part of the abdominal wall is innervated by the first lumbar nerve root (L1). This nerve is also known as the iliohypogastric nerve.

  3. The skin over the midline of the abdominal wall is innervated by the anterior cutaneous branches of the lower six thoracic nerves and the iliohypogastric nerve.

  4. The muscles of the abdominal wall are innervated by the same nerves that provide cutaneous sensation. These nerves also carry motor fibers that control the contraction of these muscles.

So, in summary, the nerve roots that provide sensation to the abdominal wall are T7-T12 and L1.

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