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Many archaeologists will tell you that categorizingexcavated fragments of pottery by style, period,and what objects they belong to relies not only onstandard criteria, but also on instinct developedover years of practice. In a recent study, however,researchers trained a deep-learning computer modelon thousands of images of pottery fragments andfound that it could categorize them as accurately as ateam of expert archaeologists. Some archaeologistshave expressed concern that they might be replacedby such computer models, but the researchers claimthat outcome is highly unlikely.Which finding, if true, would most directly supportthe researchers’ claim?A) In the researchers’ study, the model was able tocategorize the pottery fragments much morequickly than the archaeologists could.B) In the researchers’ study, neither the model northe archaeologists were able to accuratelycategorize all the pottery fragments that werepresented.C) A survey of archaeologists showed thatcategorizing pottery fragments limits the amountof time they can dedicate to other importanttasks that only human experts can do.D) A survey of archaeologists showed that few ofthem received dedicated training in how toproperly categorize pottery fragments.

Question

Many archaeologists will tell you that categorizingexcavated fragments of pottery by style, period,and what objects they belong to relies not only onstandard criteria, but also on instinct developedover years of practice. In a recent study, however,researchers trained a deep-learning computer modelon thousands of images of pottery fragments andfound that it could categorize them as accurately as ateam of expert archaeologists. Some archaeologistshave expressed concern that they might be replacedby such computer models, but the researchers claimthat outcome is highly unlikely.Which finding, if true, would most directly supportthe researchers’ claim?A) In the researchers’ study, the model was able tocategorize the pottery fragments much morequickly than the archaeologists could.B) In the researchers’ study, neither the model northe archaeologists were able to accuratelycategorize all the pottery fragments that werepresented.C) A survey of archaeologists showed thatcategorizing pottery fragments limits the amountof time they can dedicate to other importanttasks that only human experts can do.D) A survey of archaeologists showed that few ofthem received dedicated training in how toproperly categorize pottery fragments.

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Solution

The finding that would most directly support the researchers' claim that archaeologists are unlikely to be replaced by computer models is C) A survey of archaeologists showed that categorizing pottery fragments limits the amount of time they can dedicate to other important tasks that only human experts can do. This finding suggests that even if computer models can categorize pottery fragments, there are other tasks in the field of archaeology that require human expertise and cannot be performed by computer models. Therefore, archaeologists would still be needed for these tasks, supporting the researchers' claim that they are unlikely to be replaced by computer models.

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