Explain the long-run impact of the increase in investment demand on the real exchange rate and net exports. Briefly explain your answers by referring to the affected curves in the market for foreign exchange.
Question
Explain the long-run impact of the increase in investment demand on the real exchange rate and net exports. Briefly explain your answers by referring to the affected curves in the market for foreign exchange.
Solution
In the long run, an increase in investment demand in a small open economy can lead to a depreciation of the real exchange rate. Here's why:
When investment demand increases, more funds are borrowed from abroad, which increases the demand for foreign currency (since we need foreign currency to buy foreign assets). This increased demand for foreign currency in the foreign exchange market will cause the value of the domestic currency to decrease relative to the foreign currency, i.e., the domestic currency depreciates.
A depreciation of the real exchange rate makes domestic goods cheaper relative to foreign goods. This means that exports (foreign demand for domestic goods) will increase and imports (domestic demand for foreign goods) will decrease. As a result, net exports (exports minus imports) will increase.
So, in the long run, an increase in investment demand leads to a depreciation of the real exchange rate and an increase in net exports.
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