Paragraph 3: Creatures living in the upper part of the mesopelagic, where light intensities arehigher, are more likely to be transparent. Zooplariktor that penetrate the deeper levels of themesopelagic are commonly orange, red, or purple but in the blue-green background light areperceived as black or inconspicuous gray. Some mesopelagic fish have elongate (long and narrow)bodies, which may be a means of extending the length of the lateral lire—a vibration-detectingorgan—thereby raising sensitivity for detecting predators or prey.1. According to paragraph 3, which organisms are likely to be transparent?A: Those that are not good at detecting preyB: Those that live in places where the light is blue-greenC: Those with elongate bodiesD: Those that live in the brighter part of the mesopelagic zone

Why does a fish in water appear closer to the surface than it actually is?

Paragraph 5: Bioluminescence serves a variety of functions. As described earlier, photophores canbe used by fish and squid as a form of camouflage to break up the body outline and as counterillumination to match background light levels. Some lantern fishes probably use light organs toimprove visibility when seeking prey. In at least some lantern fishes, the location and pattern of lightflashes is probably used to communicate between individuals within a species and to distinguishbetween sexes and aid in selecting a mate. Many creatures use bioluminescence for defensivepurposes; large gelatinous animals such as jellyfish, ctenophores, and salps produce an explosiveburst of bioluminescence across the body when disturbed. This presumably serves to blind ordistract the predator temporarily. Some jellyfish, ctenophores, and squid shed luminescingtentacles when attacked. A few squid and octopuses produce bioluminescent ink to dazzle andconfuse attackers while they escape under cover. Some zooplankton—particularly copepods,ostracods, and shrimps—squirt a bioluminescent fluid as defense.4. The word "presumably" in the passage is closest in meaning toA: clearly B: probably C: usually D: periodically5. According to paragraph 5, lantern fishes may use bioluminescence for all of the followingpurposes EXCEPTA: choosing a mateB: communicating with other lantern fishC: finding preyD: escaping from predators6. According to paragraph 5, in which of the following ways can bioluminescence function?A: As a means of blinding or confusing a predatorB: As a means of poisoning or killing predatorsC: As a way of making the body outline more distinctD: As a way of attracting prey

Some animals (e.g. leaf insect, peppered moth, stonefish) are able to . That is having the ability to blend in with the surroundings using colours &/or patterns so that they can hide from their predators.

In 2019, marine biologist Charles Beckman discovered an intriguing adaptation: certain deep-sea creatures emit bioluminescent light, transforming themselves into lures for their unsuspecting prey. This cunning ______ is a remarkable adaptation to the pitch-black environment of the deep sea, illuminating the darkness as they hunt.1Mark for ReviewABCWhich choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?AcatastropheBobstacleCcollisionDstrategy

If a predator is more likely to prey upon fish that are brightest in color, then natural selection in this environment will favorMultiple choice question.brighter predators.drabber predators.drabber fish.brighter fish.