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The direction in which a scalar field( , , )x y z has the largest rate of change atany point with position vectorˆˆ ˆr xi yj zk= + + is the same as that of the vector(A)(B)( )r(C)r(D) (𝛻𝜙 • 𝑑𝑟⃗ )𝑟⃗Q.12 If a monotonic and continuous function( )y f x= has only one root in theinterval1 2x x x  , then(A)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x (B)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x =(C)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x (D)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x− =

Question

The direction in which a scalar field( , , )x y z has the largest rate of change atany point with position vectorˆˆ ˆr xi yj zk= + + is the same as that of the vector(A)(B)( )r(C)r(D) (𝛻𝜙 • 𝑑𝑟⃗ )𝑟⃗Q.12 If a monotonic and continuous function( )y f x= has only one root in theinterval1 2x x x  , then(A)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x (B)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x =(C)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x (D)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x− =

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Solution

To find the direction in which a scalar field ( , , )x y z has the largest rate of change at any point with position vector ˆˆ ˆr xi yj zk= + + , we can use the gradient of the scalar field, which is given by the vector (A). The gradient points in the direction of the steepest increase of the scalar field. Therefore, the answer is (A).

For the second question, if a monotonic and continuous function ( )y f x= has only one root in the interval 1 2x x x  , then the function must be positive before the root and negative after the root. This means that the function must change sign at the root. Therefore, the answer is (C)1 2( ) ( ) 0f x f x .

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