For a sample of 30 Australian cities, a sociologist studies the crime rate in each city (crime per 100,000 residents) as a function of its poverty rate (in %) and its average income (in $1,000). A portion of the regression results shows that the coefficients for poverty and average income are 54.22 and 5.10, respectively. Based on this information, the null hypothesis that X2 has no significant effect on Y should be stated as follows. Note: Y = crime rate in each city (crime per 100,000 residents); X1 = poverty rate (in %); and X2 = average income (in $1,000). a. β1 = 0 b. β2 = 0 c. β2 > 0 d. b2 = 0

For a sample of 40 Australian cities, a sociologist studies the crime rate in each city (crime per 100,000 residents) as a function of its poverty rate (in %) and its average income (in $1,000). A portion of the regression results shows that the coefficients for poverty and average income are 54.22 and 5.10, respectively. Based on this information, what is the upper critical value used to test the null hypothesis that X1 has no significant effect on Y at the 1% level of significance? Note: Y = crime rate in each city (crime per 100,000 residents); X1 = poverty rate (in %); and X2 = average income (in $1,000).

For a sample of 30 Australian cities, a sociologist studies the crime rate in each city (crime per 100,000 residents) as a function of its poverty rate (in %) and its average income (in $1,000). A portion of the regression results shows that the coefficients for poverty and average income are 54.22 and 5.10, respectively. Based on this information, what is the value of test statistic used to test the null hypothesis that X1 has no significant effect on Y at the 5% level of significance, if the standard error of the slope of Y with variable X1 equals 15.50. Round your final answer to two decimal places. Note: Y = crime rate in each city (crime per 100,000 residents); X1 = poverty rate (in %); and X2 = average income (in $1,000).

Compared to your hometown, how do you think the crime rate in Melbourne measures up?

Distribution of criminal activity by category of crime for country x in 1990 and projected for 2000.Criminal population : 10 million

Please consider the following data:This table shows the prevalence of asthma in relation to selected demographics in Australia.  The average expenditure for a person with asthma in Australia is $386 (Lartey et al., 2023).On average, urban workers receive 7.5% more income than rural workers, for the equivalent job (Ho, 2023) and cost of living expenses are 10% higher in rural Australia (APH, 2014)Based upon this graph, what conclusions can we make about social inequality in Australia if all other associated factors are equal?Pick the best answer:Question 3Answera.There is no inequality in healthcare in Australia, as we have medicare - a Universal healthcare systemb.More money (per person) should be spent on rural asthma prevention and treatmentc.This is largely a problem of Individual Determinants so inequality is not relevant hered.Asthma puffers are on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, so there is no inequality in prevention and treatment of asthma