In an inward flow reaction turbine, the diameter of the outer periphery is twice the diameter of the inner one, and the turbine operates under a head of 20 m. The turbine has radial tis at the outlet while at the exit blades make an angle of 30° with the forward tangent. Assuming a constant radial velocity of flow and that the blade friction accounts for a dissipation of energy equivalent to 10 percent of kinetic energy at the outlet, find (i) runner velocity at the rim, (ii) hydraulic efficiency of the turbine. Assume radial discharge at outlet.
Question
In an inward flow reaction turbine, the diameter of the outer periphery is twice the diameter of the inner one, and the turbine operates under a head of 20 m. The turbine has radial tis at the outlet while at the exit blades make an angle of 30° with the forward tangent. Assuming a constant radial velocity of flow and that the blade friction accounts for a dissipation of energy equivalent to 10 percent of kinetic energy at the outlet, find (i) runner velocity at the rim, (ii) hydraulic efficiency of the turbine. Assume radial discharge at outlet.
Solution
Para resolver este problema, sigamos los siguientes pasos:
Datos proporcionados:
- Diámetro exterior (D₁) = 2 * Diámetro interior (D₂)
- Cabeza de operación (H) = 20 m
- Ángulo de las palas en la salida (β) = 30°
- Pérdida de energía por fricción de las palas = 10% de la energía cinética en la salida
- Velocidad radial constante
- Descarga radial en la salida
Paso 1: Determinar la velocidad de flujo (V_f)
La velocidad de flujo (V_f) se puede calcular usando la ecuación de Bernoulli para la cabeza de operación (H):
Donde:
- es la aceleración debida a la gravedad (9.81 m/s²)
- es la cabeza de operación (20 m)
Paso 2: Determinar la velocidad tangencial en la periferia exterior (U₁)
La velocidad tangencial en la periferia exterior (U₁) se puede calcular usando la relación entre las velocidades y los ángulos de las palas. Dado que la descarga es radial en la salida, la componente tangencial de la velocidad en la salida es cero.
Donde:
- es el ángulo de las palas en la salida (30°)
Paso 3: Determinar la eficiencia hidráulica (η_h)
La eficiencia hidráulica se puede calcular usando la relación entre la energía útil y la energía disponible. La energía útil es la energía cinética en la salida menos las pérdidas por fricción.
La energía cinética en la salida es:
La pérdida por fricción es el 10% de esta energía:
La energía útil es:
La eficiencia hidráulica es la relación entre la energía útil y la energía disponible (que es la energía potencial convertida en energía cinética):
Resumen de resultados:
- La velocidad del corredor en el borde (U₁) es aproximadamente 11.43 m/s.
- La eficiencia hidráulica (η_h) de la turbina es 0.9 o 90%.
Espero que esto te haya ayudado a entender cómo resolver el problema paso a paso.
Similar Questions
A steam turbine operates under steady flow conditions, receiving steamat 1.2MPa and 1880C, and enthalpy 2785kJ/kg, velocity 33.3m/s andelevation 3m. Steam leaves the turbine at 20 kPa, and 2512kJ/kg, velocity100m/s and elevation zero m. Heat is lost to surroundings at the rate of0.29kJ/s. If the rate of steam flow through the turbine is 0.42kg/s, what isthe power output of the turbine?
The wind velocity on the upstream side of a wind turbine is 3.4 m/s. If the turbine extracts 27% of the available kinetic energy, what is the wind velocity on the downstream side of the turbine in m/s? Please include one decimal place in your answer.
A steam turbine operating under steady flow, conditions of steam at inletof steam turbine: p=13.8 bar, v=0.143 m3/kg, u=2590 kJ/kg, C= 30m/s. Thestate of the steam at the outlet leaving the turbine: p=0.35bar, v=4.37 m3/kg,u=2360 kJ/kg, C=90m/s. Heat is rejected to surroundings at the rate of 0.25kW and rate of steam flow through turbine is 0.38kg/s. Calculate powerdeveloped by the steam turbine.
The mass of water passing through the turbine each second is 6.0 × 103 kg. The speedof the water is 2.0 m / s. 40% of the kinetic energy of the water is converted to electricalenergy.Calculate the electrical power generated
1. The hydraulic efficiency of an impulse turbine is the ?ratio of the actual power produced by the turbine to the energy actually supplied by the turbine ratio of the actual work available at the turbine to the energy imparted to the wheel ratio of the work done on the wheel to the energy of the jet none of the above
Upgrade your grade with Knowee
Get personalized homework help. Review tough concepts in more detail, or go deeper into your topic by exploring other relevant questions.