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Q. Attempt all parts from the following. All parts carry equal marks. Justify the authenticity of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. identify and briefly describe the technique used to isolate the cell organelles for detailed microscopy. Show a comparison between structural isomers and stereoisomers of glucose. The two strands of DNA are not identical. Why? Justify the specificity of enzymes for the reactions. What are the applications of bacteriophages in genetic engineering techniques? (any three). Define inflorescence and describe its major types. How green and yellow wavelengths, that are reflected by chlorophyll are absorbed by the plants? Viruses need a host cell to survive. How does a virus protect itself from the immune system of the host cell?Justify the importance of G3P in photosynthesis and respiration. Justify that the laboratory-manufactured sweeteners are left-handed sugars and cannot be metabolized by right-handed enzymes. How do autotrophic bacteria get energy? The diagram shows the structure of glycogen and the type of bonds that link the glucose molecules. a. Name the bond formed at point A. b. Name one site where glycogen is stored in the c. Suggest why it is an advantage that the glycogen molecule is branched. d. State two ways in which a cellulose molecule differs from a glycogen molecule.

Question

Q. Attempt all parts from the following. All parts carry equal marks. Justify the authenticity of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane.

identify and briefly describe the technique used to isolate the cell organelles for detailed microscopy.

Show a comparison between structural isomers and stereoisomers of glucose. The two strands of DNA are not identical. Why?

Justify the specificity of enzymes for the reactions. What are the applications of bacteriophages in genetic engineering techniques? (any three). Define inflorescence and describe its major types. How green and yellow wavelengths, that are reflected by chlorophyll are absorbed by the plants?

Viruses need a host cell to survive. How does a virus protect itself from the immune system of the host cell?Justify the importance of G3P in photosynthesis and respiration.

Justify that the laboratory-manufactured sweeteners are left-handed sugars and cannot be metabolized by right-handed enzymes. How do autotrophic bacteria get energy?

The diagram shows the structure of glycogen and the type of bonds that link the glucose molecules. a. Name the bond formed at point A. b. Name one site where glycogen is stored in the c. Suggest why it is an advantage that the glycogen molecule is branched. d. State two ways in which a cellulose molecule differs from a glycogen molecule.

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Solution

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a. The bond formed at point A is an alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond. b. One site where glycogen is stored in the body is the liver. c. It is advantageous that the glycogen molecule is branched because it allows for more efficient and rapid breakdown of glucose molecules for energy release. d. Two ways in which a cellulose molecule differs from a glycogen molecule are:

  1. Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, while glycogen is a storage polysaccharide found in animals.
  2. Cellulose is composed of beta-glucose monomers, while glycogen is composed of alpha-glucose monomers.

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