Which species is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of urea:2NH3 + CO2 → (NH2)2CO + H2Ogiven 7.481 g of NH3 and 7.992 g CO2.Group of answer choices
Question
Which species is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of urea:2NH3 + CO2 → (NH2)2CO + H2Ogiven 7.481 g of NH3 and 7.992 g CO2.Group of answer choices
Solution
The limiting reagent in a chemical reaction is the reactant that is completely consumed first and determines when the reaction stops.
The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of urea is:
2NH3 + CO2 --> (NH2)2CO + H2O
This tells us that two moles of ammonia (NH3) react with one mole of carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce one mole of urea and one mole of water.
Given: Mass of NH3 = 7.481 g Mass of CO2 = 7.992 g Molar mass of NH3 = 17.03 g/mol Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mol
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
Moles of NH3 = mass of NH3 / molar mass of NH3 = 7.481 g / 17.03 g/mol = 0.439 moles Moles of CO2 = mass of CO2 / molar mass of CO2 = 7.992 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.182 moles
Step 2: Compare the mole ratio of NH3 to CO2 from the balanced equation with the given mole ratio.
The balanced equation requires a 2:1 ratio of NH3 to CO2. However, the given mole ratio is 0.439 (NH3) to 0.182 (CO2), which simplifies to approximately 2.41:1. This means there is less CO2 available for the reaction than NH3, relative to what the reaction requires.
Therefore, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the limiting reagent in this reaction.
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