Check all that occur during the production of an action potential.Check All That ApplyLigand-gated ion channels close, preventing Na+ from entering the cell.Ligand-gated ion channels close, preventing Na+ from entering the cell.Neurotransmitters bind to ligand-gated ion channels, causing them to open.Neurotransmitters bind to ligand-gated ion channels, causing them to open.Voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ to move into the cell.Voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ to move into the cell.Voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ to move out of the cell.Voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ to move out of the cell.

An action potential arriving at the presynaptic terminal causesMultiple Choicevoltage-gated sodium ion channels to open, and sodium ions to diffuse out of the cell.voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open, and calcium ions to diffuse into the cell.voltage-gated sodium ion channels to open, and sodium ions to diffuse into the cell.ligand-gated sodium channels to open, and sodium ions to diffuse out of the cell.acetylcholine to diffuse into the cell.

During these stages of an action potential, identify whether the voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels are open or closed:RepolarisationAnswer 1 Question 13DepolarisationAnswer 2 Question 13RestAnswer 3 Question 13Hyperpolarisation

Complete the sentences describing the events that occur during an action potential.An action potential will not occur unless the membrane potential at the (the initial segment of the axon) reaches a level called .When threshold is reached, of the initial segment open briefly, allowing to diffuse into the cell.As these ions enter the cell, the cell membrane undergoes , with the membrane potential increasing to a peak of approximately +30mV.As the peak of the action potential is reached, the sodium channels close and the open, allowing these ions to diffuse out of the cell.As cations leave the cell, the membrane potential at that part of the membrane once again becomes negative. This phase of the action potential is called , because the resting membrane potential is being reestablished.The membrane potential actually dips lower than -70mV because the potassium channels do not close quickly enough. This phase is called .

Movement of Na+ ions into a nerve cell during the upstroke of an action potential is an example of of the following transport mechanismSelect one:a. Facilitated diffusionb. Co-transportc. Primary active transportd. Simple diffusion

During the depolarisation stage of an action potentialThe membrane potential returns to resting conditionsSodium (Na+) enters the cell down it's concentration gradientVoltage gated K+ channels are openPotassium (K+) enters the cell against its concentration gradient