(i) Ethanal and Propanal: Both are aldehydes, but they can be distinguished by the iodoform test. Ethanal gives a positive iodoform test (yellow precipitate), while propanal does not.

Procedure for Iodoform Test:
1. Add a few drops of the compound to a test tube.
2. Add a solution of iodine in potassium iodide.
3. Warm the mixture gently.
4. If a yellow precipitate forms, the test is positive.

(ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone: Benzaldehyde does not have a methyl ketone group, so it does not give a positive iodoform test. Acetophenone, on the other hand, does have a methyl ketone group and gives a positive iodoform test (yellow precipitate).

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid: These can be distinguished using the ferric chloride test. Phenol reacts with ferric chloride to form a violet complex, while benzoic acid does not.

Procedure for Ferric Chloride Test:
1. Dissolve a small amount of the compound in water.
2. Add a few drops of ferric chloride solution.
3. If a violet color appears, the test is positive.

Question

(i) Ethanal and Propanal: Both are aldehydes, but they can be distinguished by the iodoform test. Ethanal gives a positive iodoform test (yellow precipitate), while propanal does not.

Procedure for Iodoform Test:
1. Add a few drops of the compound to a test tube.
2. Add a solution of iodine in potassium iodide.
3. Warm the mixture gently.
4. If a yellow precipitate forms, the test is positive.

(ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone: Benzaldehyde does not have a methyl ketone group, so it does not give a positive iodoform test. Acetophenone, on the other hand, does have a methyl ketone group and gives a positive iodoform test (yellow precipitate).

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid: These can be distinguished using the ferric chloride test. Phenol reacts with ferric chloride to form a violet complex, while benzoic acid does not.

Procedure for Ferric Chloride Test:
1. Dissolve a small amount of the compound in water.
2. Add a few drops of ferric chloride solution.
3. If a violet color appears, the test is positive.

Knowee AI · Accepted Answer

(i) Ethanal and Propanal: Both are aldehydes, but they can be distinguished by the iodoform test. Ethanal gives a positive iodoform test (yellow precipitate), while propanal does not.

Procedure for Iodoform Test:
1. Add a few drops of the compound to a test tube.
2. Add a solution of iodine in potassium iodide.
3. Warm the mixture gently.
4. If a yellow precipitate forms, the test is positive.

(ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone: Benzaldehyde does not have a methyl ketone group, so it does not give a positive iodoform test. Acetophenone, on the other hand, does have a methyl ketone group and gives a positive iodoform test (yellow precipitate).

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid: These can be distinguished using the ferric chloride test. Phenol reacts with ferric chloride to form a violet complex, while benzoic acid does not.

Procedure for Ferric Chloride Test:
1. Dissolve a small amount of the compound in water.
2. Add a few drops of ferric chloride solution.
3. If a violet color appears, the test is positive.

Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds(i) Ethanal and Propanal(ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid22)23)24)25)

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