Which of the following situations provides the best example of horizontal social mobility?A.Susan Levy, a top writer at a Miami advertising agency, is shocked when her company closes due to the economic recession. Not only is she unable to find a job in another ad agency, but she also is unable to find any job at all. After selling some of her things and moving to a smaller apartment, Susan begins to earn some money selling her home-baked cupcakes to workers at construction sites.B.Ken Hopkins, who lives in Omaha, Nebraska, is tired of the low pay and constant supervision he receives as a dishwasher at the local hamburger joint. He enrolls in classes at the community college to learn automobile maintenance but keeps his current job until he graduates. Now he works as an auto mechanic at a local repair shop, a job that pays higher income and is much more to his liking.C.Melinda Chavez, a tax attorney living in Phoenix, Arizona, has been working in her law firm for six years but would like to relocate to her hometown of San Francisco. After interviewing at a number of firms there, she chooses the one that offers a slightly higher salary, gives notice to her current employer, and leaves to begin work at her new law firm.D.Jimmy Carskadon, who lives in a small town, has always enjoyed working with his hands. While in high school, he decides that he would like to build furniture for a living and becomes an apprentice to one of the area’s carpenters. Jimmy nearly bursts with pride when his father, the local doctor, asks him to build a new desk for his office.
Question
Which of the following situations provides the best example of horizontal social mobility?A.Susan Levy, a top writer at a Miami advertising agency, is shocked when her company closes due to the economic recession. Not only is she unable to find a job in another ad agency, but she also is unable to find any job at all. After selling some of her things and moving to a smaller apartment, Susan begins to earn some money selling her home-baked cupcakes to workers at construction sites.B.Ken Hopkins, who lives in Omaha, Nebraska, is tired of the low pay and constant supervision he receives as a dishwasher at the local hamburger joint. He enrolls in classes at the community college to learn automobile maintenance but keeps his current job until he graduates. Now he works as an auto mechanic at a local repair shop, a job that pays higher income and is much more to his liking.C.Melinda Chavez, a tax attorney living in Phoenix, Arizona, has been working in her law firm for six years but would like to relocate to her hometown of San Francisco. After interviewing at a number of firms there, she chooses the one that offers a slightly higher salary, gives notice to her current employer, and leaves to begin work at her new law firm.D.Jimmy Carskadon, who lives in a small town, has always enjoyed working with his hands. While in high school, he decides that he would like to build furniture for a living and becomes an apprentice to one of the area’s carpenters. Jimmy nearly bursts with pride when his father, the local doctor, asks him to build a new desk for his office.
Solution
The best example of horizontal social mobility from the given situations is B. Ken Hopkins, who lives in Omaha, Nebraska, is tired of the low pay and constant supervision he receives as a dishwasher at the local hamburger joint. He enrolls in classes at the community college to learn automobile maintenance but keeps his current job until he graduates. Now he works as an auto mechanic at a local repair shop, a job that pays higher income and is much more to his liking.
Horizontal social mobility refers to the process of changing jobs or careers without changing one's social status. In this case, Ken Hopkins changes his job from a dishwasher to an auto mechanic, but his social status remains the same as he is still a working-class individual. The change in job does not elevate him to a higher social class, hence it is an example of horizontal social mobility.
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