In Java, what is the average time complexity of adding an element to the end of an ArrayList and what is the worst-case time complexity of adding an element to the end of an ArrayList when it requires resizing?? a. Average: O(1), Worst-case: O(n) b. Average: O(n), Worst-case: O(n log n) c. Average: O(log n), Worst-case: O(n) d. Average: O(1), Worst-case: O(1)
Question
In Java, what is the average time complexity of adding an element to the end of an ArrayList and what is the worst-case time complexity of adding an element to the end of an ArrayList when it requires resizing?? a. Average: O(1), Worst-case: O(n) b. Average: O(n), Worst-case: O(n log n) c. Average: O(log n), Worst-case: O(n) d. Average: O(1), Worst-case: O(1)
Solution
The correct answer is a. Average: O(1), Worst-case: O(n).
Here's why:
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Adding an element to the end of an ArrayList in Java is a constant time operation, O(1), on average because it simply involves appending the element to the end of the list.
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However, in the worst-case scenario, when the ArrayList needs to be resized (i.e., when the current underlying array is full), Java creates a new array of larger size, copies all the existing elements from the old array to the new one, and then adds the new element. This operation is linear time, O(n), because each element in the list must be copied.
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