In the four Ds of psychopathology, which of the following falls under the "danger" or "maladaptive" criteria? A person struggles with an obsession over whether they locked their car or their front door. A person often engages in substance abuse as a way to escape from stress and anxiety. A person feels numb and has little motivation to do anything, even things they enjoy.

Psychopath. It is a term that tends to conjure images of violent criminals or public figures capable of heinous or egregiously selfish acts on a broader scale. Yet the reality of this condition is far more nuanced than these stereotypes hold. While it is true that people with the condition display a range of disconcerting tendencies—including low empathy and remorse, grandiosity, impulsivity, and sometimes aggressive or violent behavior—new findings show not only that people with psychopathy have varying degrees and types of this condition but that the condition and its precursors can be treated. “Psychopathy is a condition that causes people to do things that reduce our compassion for them, and so there’s a resistance to funding and treating it,” said Georgetown University psychologist and neuroscientist Abigail Marsh, PhD, who studies psychopathy and is cofounder of PsychopathyIs, an organization that promotes awareness of the condition and provides support and resources for affected families. “But as a scientific community, we have to recognize that psychopathy has all the hallmarks of a true disorder and that all of us will be better—the people who are affected, their families, and the broader community—if we take it seriously.” In fact, it is common to have some degree of psychopathic tendencies, if not the condition itself: According to PsychopathyIs, as much as 30% of the population displays some degree of reduced empathy, risk-taking, and overly high self-regard, though the percentage of people with high degrees of these traits is much smaller. In this sense, Marsh believes that autism holds a useful parallel, because there are greater and lesser degrees of autistic traits and because early intervention can make a big difference in later outcomes. (Not everyone in the mental health community agrees that psychopathy is a spectrum-based disorder.) “My hope,” said Marsh, “is that the development of interventions and therapy for people with psychopathy will follow the same ultimate trajectory that is taking place for people with other spectrum-based disorders like autism.” ADVERTISEMENT What is psychopathy? About 1.2% of U.S. adult men and 0.3% to 0.7% of U.S. adult women are considered to have clinically significant levels of psychopathic traits. Those numbers rise exponentially in prison, where 15% to 25% of inmates show these characteristics (Burton, B., & Saleh, F. M., Psychiatric Times, Vol. 37, No. 10, 2020). That said, psychopathy spans socioeconomic status, race, gender, and culture, and those who score high on psychopathy scales range from high-functioning executives to prison inmates to people whose psychopathic symptoms may reflect difficult life circumstances more than anything else. “In any culture you visit, you can describe the key personality features of someone with psychopathy and ask, ‘Are there people like this in your society?’” Marsh said. “And they will say, ‘Oh, yeah.’ But the way that these traits are interpret

Which of the following views would support that the cause of substance use disorder can be based on having too many stressors in childhood and different temperaments play a role in being more susceptible?Group of answer choicesSociocultural Biological Developmental psychopathology Cognitive-behavioral

The psychopathology of most non organic mental illness is stress or _____________. A. head injuries B. trauma C. drugs

True about the DSM-5 criteria of borderline personality disorder*1 pointFrantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonmentlmpulsivity in at least one area that are potentially self-damaging (e.g., spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating)Constant, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptomsA pattern of stable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluationAffective instability due to a marked reactivity of affect

A person experiencing a panic disorder is MOST likely to also have a fear of:leaving home.enclosed spaces.other people.driving.