What is the main criterion that determines whether a cell must expend ATP to take up a solute via a transport protein?Group of answer choicesWhether the cell's membrane actively repels the soluteWhether the solute is electrically chargedThe solute's diameterThe solute's concentration on each side of the membraneWhether the solute is hydrophobic or hydrophilic
Question
What is the main criterion that determines whether a cell must expend ATP to take up a solute via a transport protein?Group of answer choicesWhether the cell's membrane actively repels the soluteWhether the solute is electrically chargedThe solute's diameterThe solute's concentration on each side of the membraneWhether the solute is hydrophobic or hydrophilic
Solution
The main criterion that determines whether a cell must expend ATP to take up a solute via a transport protein is the solute's concentration on each side of the membrane. This is because cells use the process of active transport, which requires energy in the form of ATP, to move solutes against their concentration gradient (from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration). The other factors listed, such as the solute's charge, diameter, and whether it is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, can affect how easily a solute can pass through the cell membrane, but they do not directly determine whether ATP is needed for the process.
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