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Over the past forty years, the Federal Reserve has responded to high inflation by pursuing policy to _______________ the federal funds rate, and has responded to high unemployment by pursuing policy to _______________ the federal funds rate.Select the correct answer below:decrease, increasedecrease, decreaseincrease, decreaseincrease, increase

Question

Over the past forty years, the Federal Reserve has responded to high inflation by pursuing policy to _______________ the federal funds rate, and has responded to high unemployment by pursuing policy to _______________ the federal funds rate.Select the correct answer below:decrease, increasedecrease, decreaseincrease, decreaseincrease, increase

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Solution

The correct answer is: increase, decrease.

Here's why:

  1. When the Federal Reserve sees high inflation, it means that prices are rising too quickly. To combat this, they increase the federal funds rate. This makes borrowing more expensive, which can slow down economic activity and, in turn, slow down inflation.

  2. On the other hand, when the Federal Reserve sees high unemployment, it means the economy is not producing at its full potential. To stimulate economic activity, they decrease the federal funds rate. This makes borrowing cheaper, encouraging businesses to invest and hire more, which can reduce unemployment.

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