What is the key to ensuring universal access to affordable electricity by 2030?

The key to ensuring universal access to affordable electricity by 2030 involves several steps:

1. Investment in Infrastructure: Governments and private sectors need to invest heavily in electricity infrastructure. This includes building new power plants, upgrading existing ones, and expanding the grid to reach remote areas.

2. Renewable Energy: Investing in renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power can provide affordable electricity while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These sources are particularly useful in rural or remote areas where extending the grid may be difficult or costly.

3. Energy Efficiency: Promoting energy efficiency can reduce the overall demand for electricity. This can be achieved through energy-efficient appliances and buildings, as well as public education campaigns about energy conservation.

4. Policy and Regulation: Governments need to create policies and regulations that encourage investment in the electricity sector, promote renewable energy, and support energy efficiency. This could include financial incentives, tax breaks, or feed-in tariffs for renewable energy.

5. International Cooperation: Many countries will need financial and technical assistance to achieve universal electricity access. International cooperation will be crucial to provide this support and to share knowledge and best practices.

6. Innovation: New technologies and business models can also play a role in providing affordable electricity. For example, off-grid solutions like solar home systems or mini-grids can provide electricity to areas where the grid is not available or too expensive to extend.

7. Inclusion: Finally, efforts must