Sensory memoryMultiple Choiceinvolves the generalizing of language rules to all situations, even if they are not accurate.is the initial, momentary storage of information that only lasts an instant.has to do with recalling knowledge from memory.promotes the idea that genetics determines language development.

Procedural memory or implicit memoryMultiple Choicerefers to memory for skills and habits.promotes the idea that genetics determine language development.is defined as the memory of general knowledge and facts, like a memory almanac.is the very brief memory immediately following initial reception of a stimulus.

Universal grammarMultiple Choiceis the idea that all languages have a common underlying structure.means to bring back from memory.promotes the idea that what you have learned recently interferes with what you can recall about the past.promotes the idea that success comes with doing what worked in the past to solve problems.

nteractionist approachMultiple Choicepromotes the idea that genetics determines language development.means to bring back from memory.supports the idea that genetics and the environment work together to create language.means to recall knowledge from memory.

Biological theorists explain language acquisition as a process that is controlled by biological forces capable of being observed. They cite a biological imperative for humans to develop language, which is observed in the spontaneous creation of languages by groups of people who had not had previous contact but who came to live in proximity to each other. These languages become more complex over time, as children within the communities are exposed to it and generate more complex forms. The form these languages take initially are those of pidgin languages, or languages that contain simple subject and action words. As the groups share more time together, the languages evolve into creole, a more complex language with more complicated structures, such as verb form variations.This evolution has also been seen among a community of deaf children who began living together in 1990 and who formed a signed language system within their community. Over time, the language grew more complex; however, older children in the community had significant difficulty incorporating the more complicated language structure.Even languages that have been spontaneously generated share common language structures across settings, despite the lack of contact between people in these settings. This suggests that there is an aspect of language which is common to all people. Researchers commissioned a study to examine sign language complexity in the deaf children who lived together. The number of unique syntactic constructions is shown in Figure 1.Figure 1 Number of unique syntactic constructions in a group using sign language, compared between ages at ten-year intervalsThere is also evidence that language ability is heritable. Twin studies found that about 50% of the overall variance in language may be genetic. In particular, syntactic language was found to be strongly hereditary, while vocabulary knowledge was weakly hereditary. Verbal ability scores of children were compared to their sibling or their twin and plotted in Figure 2.Figure 2 Correlation of verbal ability between siblings (Top) and twins (Bottom) Question 31Which of the following, if true, would weaken one of the arguments made in the passage? A.The R-squared value was not statistically significant in the chart comparing twins’ verbal measure scores.B.The R-squared value was not statistically significant in the chart comparing siblings' verbal measure scores.C.There was a statistically significant difference between age groups and the number of syntactic constructions in 1990.D.There was a statistically significant difference in the overall number of syntactic constructions between years across all age groups

Constructive processesMultiple Choicerequire information that can be recalled for a long period of time.occur when memories are influenced by the meaning we give an event.present the idea that language is learned through conditioning.is chunk information stored in memory that affects the recall of information.