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Which of the following statements about the characteristics of wireless links are true?Group of answer choicesThe bit error rate (BER) of a wireless channel decreases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases.The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that can be even closer to A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because of physical obstacles in the path between A and B.Multipath propagation occurs when portions of the electromagnetic wave reflect off objects and the ground taking paths of different lengths between the sender and a receiver, and thus arriving at the receiver at slightly different points in time.The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that is further away from A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because the signal strength of A's transmission has faded significantly by the time it reaches C.The bit error rate (BER) of a wireless channel increases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases.Path loss refers to the dropping of link-layer frames that are being relayed among wireless access points due to buffer overflow, just as network-layer datagrams are dropped at routers with full buffers.The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that can be even closer to A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because of physical obstacles in the path between A and C.Multipath propagation occurs when a sender sends multiple copies of a frame to a receiver, which is relayed over different by base stations or other wireless devices to the receiver.Path loss refers to link-layer frames that are corrupted due to the higher bit error rates in wireless channels.Path loss refers to the decrease in the strength of a radio signal as it propagates through space.The "hidden terminal problem" refers to the fact that many people can never seem to find their mobile phones.

Question

Which of the following statements about the characteristics of wireless links are true?Group of answer choicesThe bit error rate (BER) of a wireless channel decreases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases.The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that can be even closer to A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because of physical obstacles in the path between A and B.Multipath propagation occurs when portions of the electromagnetic wave reflect off objects and the ground taking paths of different lengths between the sender and a receiver, and thus arriving at the receiver at slightly different points in time.The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that is further away from A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because the signal strength of A's transmission has faded significantly by the time it reaches C.The bit error rate (BER) of a wireless channel increases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases.Path loss refers to the dropping of link-layer frames that are being relayed among wireless access points due to buffer overflow, just as network-layer datagrams are dropped at routers with full buffers.The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that can be even closer to A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because of physical obstacles in the path between A and C.Multipath propagation occurs when a sender sends multiple copies of a frame to a receiver, which is relayed over different by base stations or other wireless devices to the receiver.Path loss refers to link-layer frames that are corrupted due to the higher bit error rates in wireless channels.Path loss refers to the decrease in the strength of a radio signal as it propagates through space.The "hidden terminal problem" refers to the fact that many people can never seem to find their mobile phones.

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Solution

The following statements about the characteristics of wireless links are true:

  1. The bit error rate (BER) of a wireless channel decreases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. This is false. The BER actually increases as the SNR decreases.

  2. The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that can be even closer to A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because of physical obstacles in the path between A and B. This is true. The hidden terminal problem can occur due to physical obstacles blocking the signal.

  3. Multipath propagation occurs when portions of the electromagnetic wave reflect off objects and the ground taking paths of different lengths between the sender and a receiver, and thus arriving at the receiver at slightly different points in time. This is true. Multipath propagation can cause signal interference and degradation.

  4. The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that is further away from A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because the signal strength of A's transmission has faded significantly by the time it reaches C. This is also true. The signal strength can fade over distance, causing the hidden terminal problem.

  5. The bit error rate (BER) of a wireless channel increases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. This is false. The BER decreases as the SNR increases.

  6. Path loss refers to the dropping of link-layer frames that are being relayed among wireless access points due to buffer overflow, just as network-layer datagrams are dropped at routers with full buffers. This is false. Path loss refers to the decrease in signal strength as it propagates through space.

  7. The "hidden terminal problem" happens when A sends to B over a wireless channel, and an observer, C (that can be even closer to A than B), does not detect/receive A's transmission because of physical obstacles in the path between A and C. This is true. Physical obstacles can cause the hidden terminal problem.

  8. Multipath propagation occurs when a sender sends multiple copies of a frame to a receiver, which is relayed over different by base stations or other wireless devices to the receiver. This is false. Multipath propagation refers to the phenomenon where signal paths can take different lengths and arrive at the receiver at different times.

  9. Path loss refers to link-layer frames that are corrupted due to the higher bit error rates in wireless channels. This is false. Path loss refers to the decrease in signal strength as it propagates through space.

  10. Path loss refers to the decrease in the strength of a radio signal as it propagates through space. This is true. Path loss is the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space.

  11. The "hidden terminal problem" refers to the fact that many people can never seem to find their mobile phones. This is false. The hidden terminal problem is a communication problem in wireless networks caused by nodes being visible from a wireless access point, but not from each other.

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