Some measurements of the initial rate of a certain reaction are given in the table below.H2 I2 initial rate of reaction1.52M 2.03M /0.609Ms1.52M 10.0M /3.00Ms7.19M 2.03M /2.88MsUse this information to write a rate law for this reaction, and calculate the value of the rate constant k.Round your value for the rate constant to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol.
Question
Some measurements of the initial rate of a certain reaction are given in the table below.H2 I2 initial rate of reaction1.52M 2.03M /0.609Ms1.52M 10.0M /3.00Ms7.19M 2.03M /2.88MsUse this information to write a rate law for this reaction, and calculate the value of the rate constant k.Round your value for the rate constant to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol.
Solution
Para determinar la ley de velocidad y la constante de velocidad para la reacción, primero necesitamos analizar cómo la velocidad inicial de la reacción depende de las concentraciones de y .
La ley de velocidad general para esta reacción puede escribirse como:
Donde:
- es la constante de velocidad.
- y son los órdenes de reacción respecto a y , respectivamente.
Usaremos los datos proporcionados para determinar los valores de y .
Paso 1: Determinar el orden respecto a ()
Comparando los experimentos 1 y 2:
- En el experimento 1:
- En el experimento 2:
Las concentraciones de son las mismas en ambos experimentos, por lo que podemos escribir:
Sustituyendo los valores:
De aquí, podemos ver que .
Paso 2: Determinar el orden respecto a ()
Comparando los experimentos 1 y 3:
- En el experimento 1:
- En el experimento 3:
Las concentraciones de son las mismas en ambos experimentos, por lo que podemos escribir:
Sustituyendo los valores:
De aquí, podemos ver que .
Paso 3: Determinar la constante de velocidad
Ahora que sabemos que la ley de velocidad es:
Podemos usar cualquiera de los experimentos para determinar . Usaremos el experimento 1:
Redondeando a 2 cifras significativas:
Resumen
La ley de velocidad para la reacción es:
Y la constante de velocidad es:
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