You have a sample of sulfuric acid with an unknown concentration and you perform a titration with sodium hydroxide to determine the concentration.Your titration data for one trial is below:Initial burette reading (cm3) NaOH (aq) Final burette reading (cm3) NaOH (aq)10.20 20.55The volume of acid used in each titration is 10.00 cm3 and the concentration of NaOH used is 0.1000 mol dm−3.Determine the concentration of the sulfuric acid in mol dm−3.Give your answer to four significant figures (no units are required in answer). Please do not use scientific notation.
Question
You have a sample of sulfuric acid with an unknown concentration and you perform a titration with sodium hydroxide to determine the concentration.Your titration data for one trial is below:Initial burette reading (cm3) NaOH (aq) Final burette reading (cm3) NaOH (aq)10.20 20.55The volume of acid used in each titration is 10.00 cm3 and the concentration of NaOH used is 0.1000 mol dm−3.Determine the concentration of the sulfuric acid in mol dm−3.Give your answer to four significant figures (no units are required in answer). Please do not use scientific notation.
Solution
To determine the concentration of the sulfuric acid, we first need to calculate the volume of NaOH used in the titration. This can be done by subtracting the initial burette reading from the final burette reading:
20.55 cm3 - 10.20 cm3 = 10.35 cm3
Next, we need to convert this volume from cm3 to dm3, since the concentration of NaOH is given in mol/dm3. We do this by dividing by 1000:
10.35 cm3 = 0.01035 dm3
Now we can calculate the number of moles of NaOH used in the titration. We do this by multiplying the volume by the concentration:
0.01035 dm3 * 0.1000 mol/dm3 = 0.001035 mol
Since the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide is H2SO4 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O, we know that one mole of sulfuric acid reacts with two moles of sodium hydroxide. Therefore, the number of moles of sulfuric acid in the 10.00 cm3 sample is half the number of moles of NaOH:
0.001035 mol / 2 = 0.0005175 mol
Finally, we can calculate the concentration of the sulfuric acid by dividing the number of moles by the volume in dm3. Remember to convert the volume from cm3 to dm3:
0.0005175 mol / 0.01000 dm3 = 0.05175 mol/dm3
So, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.05175 mol/dm3 to four significant figures.
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