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Distinguish elimination versus substitution reactions.

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Distinguish elimination versus substitution reactions.

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Solution

Elimination and substitution reactions are two types of reactions that occur in organic chemistry.

  1. Elimination Reactions: In an elimination reaction, two atoms or groups of atoms are removed from a molecule, resulting in the formation of a pi bond. This type of reaction is common in organic chemistry and often involves the removal of a proton and a leaving group from adjacent carbon atoms. The general form of an elimination reaction is AB + CD -> AD + CB. An example of an elimination reaction is the dehydration of alcohol to form an alkene.

  2. Substitution Reactions: In a substitution reaction, an atom or a group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom or group of atoms. The general form of a substitution reaction is AB + C -> AC + B. An example of a substitution reaction is the reaction of methane with chlorine to form chloromethane and hydrogen chloride.

The main difference between these two types of reactions is that in elimination reactions, a pi bond is formed and in substitution reactions, one atom or group of atoms is replaced by another.

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