Examine each of the following statements for its truth or falsity. If a statement is false, explain why it is so. If itis true, give a short comment or remark to support it. [5]a. Because demigods are also parts and parcel of Kṛṣṇa, worshipping them produces thesame effect as worshipping Kṛṣṇa.b. Being completely free from all vices (bad habits) is not a prerequisite for surrendering toa spiritual teacher.c. Dhyāna-yoga is also called aṣtānga yoga (eightfold mystic yoga) because it enables thepractitioner to bring all the eight material elements (five gross and three subtle) underhis/her control.d. The most fundamental demoniac quality in people is disobedience to God.e. Without superior help from Lord Kṛṣṇa or His bona fide representative, one cannot befreed from the bondage of material nature, i.e., the influence of the three modes

a. This statement can be considered both true and false depending on one's perspective. From a monotheistic perspective, where only one god is worshipped, this statement would be false. However, from a pantheistic or polytheistic perspective, where multiple gods or aspects of the divine are worshipped, this could be considered true. In Hinduism, for example, all gods are considered manifestations of the same divine reality, so worshipping any god could be seen as worshipping the divine as a whole.

b. This statement is generally true. While it is beneficial to be free from vices when surrendering to a spiritual teacher, it is not a prerequisite. The process of surrendering itself often involves the commitment to work on one's vices under the guidance of the spiritual teacher.

c. This statement is true. Dhyāna-yoga, or meditation yoga, is often associated with aṣtānga yoga, which involves eight limbs or steps. These steps include ethical standards, self-discipline, posture, breath control, sensory withdrawal, concentration, meditative absorption, and enlightenment. Through these steps, a practitioner can gain control over both the gross (physical) and subtle (mental) aspects of their being.

d. This statement can be considered true from a religious perspective, particularly within traditions that emphasize obedience to God as a central tenet of faith. Disobedience to God, or sin, is often seen as the root of all negative qualities or actions.

e. This statement is true according to many religious and spiritual traditions, particularly those that believe in the concept of liberation or salvation from the material world. In these traditions, divine intervention, whether directly from God or through a representative, is often seen as necessary for liberation.