Which statement about elastic and plastic deformation must be correct?A Elastic deformation and plastic deformation are proportional to the applied force.B Elastic deformation and plastic deformation cause no change in volume.C Elastic deformation causes heating of the material but plastic deformation does not.D Elastic deformation is reversible but plastic deformation is not.
Question
Which statement about elastic and plastic deformation must be correct?A Elastic deformation and plastic deformation are proportional to the applied force.B Elastic deformation and plastic deformation cause no change in volume.C Elastic deformation causes heating of the material but plastic deformation does not.D Elastic deformation is reversible but plastic deformation is not.
Solution 1
The correct statement about elastic and plastic deformation is "D. Elastic deformation is reversible but plastic deformation is not."
Here's why:
A. Elastic deformation and plastic deformation are not always proportional to the applied force. The relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (deformation) is linear only up to the yield point in a stress-strain curve, beyond which plastic deformation occurs and the relationship is no longer proportional.
B. Both elastic and plastic deformation can cause changes in volume. The change in volume depends on the type of stress applied (e.g., compressive, tensile, shear) and the material properties.
C. Both elastic and plastic deformation can cause heating of the material due to internal friction, not just elastic deformation.
D. Elastic deformation is indeed reversible, meaning the material will return to its original shape once the stress is removed. Plastic deformation, on the other hand, is not reversible - the material will not return to its original shape even after the stress is removed. This is the key difference between elastic and plastic deformation.
Solution 2
The correct statement about elastic and plastic deformation is D. Elastic deformation is reversible but plastic deformation is not.
Here's why:
A. Elastic deformation and plastic deformation are not always proportional to the applied force. The relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (deformation) is linear only up to the yield point in a stress-strain curve, beyond which plastic deformation occurs and the relationship is no longer proportional.
B. Both elastic and plastic deformation can cause changes in volume. The change in volume depends on the type of stress applied (e.g., compressive, tensile, shear) and the material properties.
C. Both elastic and plastic deformation can cause heating of the material due to internal friction, not just elastic deformation.
D. Elastic deformation is indeed reversible, meaning the material will return to its original shape once the stress is removed. Plastic deformation, on the other hand, is not reversible - the material will not return to its original shape even after the stress is removed. This is what makes D the correct statement.
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