Long-term trials have shown that high intakes of vitamin E reduce the risk of lung cancer in smokers.Group startsTrue or FalseTrue, unselectedFalse, unselected

Vitamin E supplementation has been shown to reduce the risk of chronic disease.True false question.

Taking a vitamin A supplement has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.Group startsTrue or False

Abelson (1995) wanted to examine whether smoking led to lung cancer. He examined several studies, which showed the following results:The longer a person has smoked cigarettes, the greater their chance of getting cancer.People who stop smoking have lower cancer rates than people who keep smoking.Smokers’ cancers tend to be in the lungs and of a particular type.Smokers who use filtered cigarettes have a somewhat lower rate of cancer than those who use unfiltered cigarettes.People who live with smokers have higher rates of cancer, too, because of their passive exposure to the same chemicals.Identify the true and false statements about Abelson’s investigation.True Statement(s)The studies Abelson examined address all possible third-variable problems.Abelson would be able to make a strong causal claim if the studies he examined had the same findings.All of the studies that Abelson investigated were correlational studies.The simplest explanation of these results is that the chemicals in cigarettes cause cancer.False Statement(s)

Which of the following is an example of a synergistic effect?Multiple choice question.Consuming vitamins A and E can reduce the risk of cancer despite the exposure to certain carcinogens.Asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold. Asbestos workers who smoke, however, have a 400-fold increase in cancer rates.One hundred cups of coffee contain a lethal dose of caffeine, but since coffee is taken in smaller doses the toxin is broken down and excreted.Need help? Review these concept resources.

The RDA for vitamin C in smokers is _____ higher than those who do not smoke.Multiple choice question.20 mg/day5 mg/day35 mg/day55 mg/day