Consider a good with external costs. Which of the following best describes why the market does not produce an allocatively efficient amount?Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer.aThe marginal benefit to consumers exceeds the marginal private cost of production and the marginal social cost of production.bThe marginal social cost exceeds the marginal social benefit.cThe marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal social cost.dThe marginal private cost of production and the marginal social cost exceed the marginal benefit to consumers.
Question
Consider a good with external costs. Which of the following best describes why the market does not produce an allocatively efficient amount?Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer.aThe marginal benefit to consumers exceeds the marginal private cost of production and the marginal social cost of production.bThe marginal social cost exceeds the marginal social benefit.cThe marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal social cost.dThe marginal private cost of production and the marginal social cost exceed the marginal benefit to consumers.
Solution
The best answer is b. The marginal social cost exceeds the marginal social benefit.
Here's why:
In a market with external costs (also known as negative externalities), the cost to society is greater than the cost to the producer. This is because external costs, like pollution, are not reflected in the private costs of production.
The marginal social cost (MSC) is the total cost society pays for the production of an extra unit of the good, including both the private cost and the external cost. The marginal social benefit (MSB) is the total benefit society gains from consuming an extra unit of the good.
In an allocatively efficient market, the quantity of goods produced is where the MSC equals the MSB. However, in a market with external costs, the MSC is greater than the MSB at the quantity of goods that the market produces. This means that the market is overproducing the good, leading to a loss of social welfare. Therefore, the market does not produce an allocatively efficient amount.
Similar Questions
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