An 18-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, comes to the hospital at 35 weeks gestation due to leakage of fluid and contractions for the past 3 hours. The patient was last seen in the office 2 weeks ago, and her prenatal care has been uncomplicated. She has no chronic medical conditions and no medication allergies. Temperature is 36.7 C (98 F), blood pressure is 102/68 mm Hg, and pulse is 84/min. Speculum examination shows a vaginal pool of nitrazine-positive, clear fluid and the cervix dilated to 1 cm. Transabdominal ultrasound reveals a fetus in vertex presentation, and the amniotic fluid has a deepest vertical pocket of 1.5 cm. The fetal heart rate tracing has moderate variability and no decelerations. The tocometer reveals contractions every 2-3 minutes. Which of the following is the best next step in management of this patient? A.Amnioinfusion B.Cesarean delivery C.Magnesium sulfate D.Nifedipine E.Penicillin F.TerbutalineProceed To Next Item
Question
An 18-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, comes to the hospital at 35 weeks gestation due to leakage of fluid and contractions for the past 3 hours. The patient was last seen in the office 2 weeks ago, and her prenatal care has been uncomplicated. She has no chronic medical conditions and no medication allergies. Temperature is 36.7 C (98 F), blood pressure is 102/68 mm Hg, and pulse is 84/min. Speculum examination shows a vaginal pool of nitrazine-positive, clear fluid and the cervix dilated to 1 cm. Transabdominal ultrasound reveals a fetus in vertex presentation, and the amniotic fluid has a deepest vertical pocket of 1.5 cm. The fetal heart rate tracing has moderate variability and no decelerations. The tocometer reveals contractions every 2-3 minutes. Which of the following is the best next step in management of this patient? A.Amnioinfusion B.Cesarean delivery C.Magnesium sulfate D.Nifedipine E.Penicillin F.TerbutalineProceed To Next Item
Solution
To address the patient's situation, let's break down the information provided and analyze the best next step in management:
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Patient Information:
- 18-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0.
- 35 weeks gestation.
- Leakage of fluid and contractions for the past 3 hours.
- Uncomplicated prenatal care.
- No chronic medical conditions or medication allergies.
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Vital Signs:
- Temperature: 36.7 C (98 F).
- Blood pressure: 102/68 mm Hg.
- Pulse: 84/min.
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Examination Findings:
- Speculum examination: Vaginal pool of nitrazine-positive, clear fluid.
- Cervix: Dilated to 1 cm.
- Transabdominal ultrasound: Fetus in vertex presentation, deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid is 1.5 cm.
- Fetal heart rate tracing: Moderate variability, no decelerations.
- Tocometer: Contractions every 2-3 minutes.
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Key Points:
- The patient is at 35 weeks gestation with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).
- The cervix is dilated to 1 cm, indicating early labor.
- The amniotic fluid index is low (deepest vertical pocket of 1.5 cm).
- Fetal heart rate tracing is reassuring (moderate variability, no decelerations).
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Management Options:
- A. Amnioinfusion: Typically used to alleviate variable decelerations due to cord compression, not indicated here.
- B. Cesarean delivery: Not immediately indicated as there are no signs of fetal distress or other complications requiring urgent delivery.
- C. Magnesium sulfate: Used for neuroprotection in preterm labor before 32 weeks or for tocolysis, not indicated here.
- D. Nifedipine: A tocolytic agent, not indicated as the patient is already in labor and at 35 weeks.
- E. Penicillin: Indicated for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis in patients with PPROM to prevent neonatal infection.
- F. Terbutaline: A tocolytic agent, not indicated as the patient is already in labor and at 35 weeks.
Given the patient's gestational age (35 weeks) and the presence of PPROM, the best next step is to administer Penicillin for GBS prophylaxis to prevent neonatal infection.
Therefore, the best next step in management is:
E. Penicillin
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