In a psychological study, subjects were given statements to read that caused them to form new beliefs. Later, the subjects were told that the original statements were false. The studies report, however, that most subjects persevered in their newly acquired beliefs, even after being told that the original statements were false. This strongly suggests that humans continue to hold onto acquired beliefs even in the absence of any credible evidence to support them. Which one of the following, if true, most undermines the argument?Choices:- Regardless of the truth of what the subjects were later told, the beliefs based on the original statements were, for the most part, correct. It is unrealistic to expect people to keep track of the original basis of their beliefs, and to revise a belief when its original basis is undercut. The statements originally given to the subjects would be highly misleading even if true. Most of the subjects had acquired confirmation of their newly acquired beliefs by the time they were told that the original statements were false.
Question
In a psychological study, subjects were given statements to read that caused them to form new beliefs. Later, the subjects were told that the original statements were false. The studies report, however, that most subjects persevered in their newly acquired beliefs, even after being told that the original statements were false. This strongly suggests that humans continue to hold onto acquired beliefs even in the absence of any credible evidence to support them. Which one of the following, if true, most undermines the argument?Choices:- Regardless of the truth of what the subjects were later told, the beliefs based on the original statements were, for the most part, correct. It is unrealistic to expect people to keep track of the original basis of their beliefs, and to revise a belief when its original basis is undercut. The statements originally given to the subjects would be highly misleading even if true. Most of the subjects had acquired confirmation of their newly acquired beliefs by the time they were told that the original statements were false.
Solution
The choice that most undermines the argument is: "Most of the subjects had acquired confirmation of their newly acquired beliefs by the time they were told that the original statements were false."
This statement suggests that the subjects had other reasons to continue believing what they did, beyond simply being stubborn or irrational. They had found other evidence that confirmed their beliefs, so they weren't just holding onto them in the absence of any credible evidence. This undermines the argument's suggestion that humans irrationally cling to their beliefs even when they're shown to be baseless.
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