Which of the following process results in the increase in entropy of the surroundings?I) the cooling of a hot cup of coffee in room temperature airII) the evaporation of water from a desk at room temperatureIII) the melting of snow above 0 °CIV) the sublimation of dry ice (solid CO2)
Question
Which of the following process results in the increase in entropy of the surroundings?I) the cooling of a hot cup of coffee in room temperature airII) the evaporation of water from a desk at room temperatureIII) the melting of snow above 0 °CIV) the sublimation of dry ice (solid CO2)
Solution
The increase in entropy is associated with the increase in disorder or randomness of a system.
I) The cooling of a hot cup of coffee in room temperature air: This process results in an increase in entropy of the surroundings. The heat from the coffee is transferred to the cooler air, increasing the randomness or disorder of the air molecules.
II) The evaporation of water from a desk at room temperature: This process also results in an increase in entropy. When water evaporates, it changes from a more ordered liquid state to a less ordered gas state, increasing the entropy.
III) The melting of snow above 0 °C: This process increases entropy as well. The snow (solid water) melts into liquid water, which is a less ordered state, thus increasing entropy.
IV) The sublimation of dry ice (solid CO2): This process also results in an increase in entropy. Sublimation is the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas, skipping the liquid phase. This change from a highly ordered solid state to a less ordered gas state increases entropy.
So, all the processes mentioned result in an increase in entropy of the surroundings.
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