Thales is prided as the first Greek philosopher and postulated that water is the unifying principleof the universe. Which of the following is a property of water?A. Water is least dense at 0˚C.B. Linear hydrogen bonds involving water are stronger than covalent bonds.C. Water has a lower heat capacity than methanolD. Hydroxide is the conjugate base of water.E. Water boils at a higher temperature than blood plasma
Question
Thales is prided as the first Greek philosopher and postulated that water is the unifying principleof the universe. Which of the following is a property of water?A. Water is least dense at 0˚C.B. Linear hydrogen bonds involving water are stronger than covalent bonds.C. Water has a lower heat capacity than methanolD. Hydroxide is the conjugate base of water.E. Water boils at a higher temperature than blood plasma
Solution 1
The correct answer is D. Hydroxide is the conjugate base of water.
Here's why:
A conjugate base is what is left over after an acid has donated a proton during a chemical reaction. In the case of water (H2O), when it donates a proton (H+), it becomes a hydroxide ion (OH-). Therefore, hydroxide is the conjugate base of water.
Let's go through the other options:
A. Water is most dense at 4˚C, not 0˚C. When it freezes, it becomes less dense, which is why ice floats on water.
B. Covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, are generally stronger than hydrogen bonds, which are a type of dipole-dipole interaction between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom attached to another electronegative atom.
C. Water actually has a higher heat capacity than methanol. This means it can absorb more heat before it begins to get hot.
E. Water boils at 100˚C under standard conditions, while blood plasma, which is mostly water but also contains other substances, boils at a slightly higher temperature.
Solution 2
The correct answer is D. Hydroxide is the conjugate base of water.
Here's why:
A conjugate base is what is left over after an acid has donated a proton during a chemical reaction. In the case of water (H2O), when it donates a proton (H+), it becomes a hydroxide ion (OH-). Therefore, hydroxide is the conjugate base of water.
Let's also quickly explain why the other options are incorrect:
A. Water is most dense at 4˚C, not 0˚C.
B. Covalent bonds are stronger than hydrogen bonds.
C. Water has a higher heat capacity than methanol.
E. Water boils at 100˚C under standard conditions, while blood plasma boils at a higher temperature.
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