The characteristics responsible for the changes seen in the first ionization energy when moving down a column are increased shielding of electrons and larger atomic radii.

Here's why:

1. Increased shielding of electrons: As you move down a group (column) in the periodic table, the number of electron shells increases. These additional shells shield the outermost electrons from the positive charge of the nucleus, making it easier to remove an electron (lower ionization energy).

2. Larger atomic radii: Similarly, as the atomic radius increases with more electron shells, the outermost electrons are further from the nucleus. This distance decreases the attractive force between the nucleus and the outermost electrons, again making it easier to remove an electron (lower ionization energy).

Therefore, the answer is "I and II only".

Question

The characteristics responsible for the changes seen in the first ionization energy when moving down a column are increased shielding of electrons and larger atomic radii.

Here's why:

1. Increased shielding of electrons: As you move down a group (column) in the periodic table, the number of electron shells increases. These additional shells shield the outermost electrons from the positive charge of the nucleus, making it easier to remove an electron (lower ionization energy).

2. Larger atomic radii: Similarly, as the atomic radius increases with more electron shells, the outermost electrons are further from the nucleus. This distance decreases the attractive force between the nucleus and the outermost electrons, again making it easier to remove an electron (lower ionization energy).

Therefore, the answer is "I and II only".

Knowee AI · Accepted Answer

The characteristics responsible for the changes seen in the first ionization energy when moving down a column are increased shielding of electrons and larger atomic radii.

Here's why:

1. Increased shielding of electrons: As you move down a group (column) in the periodic table, the number of electron shells increases. These additional shells shield the outermost electrons from the positive charge of the nucleus, making it easier to remove an electron (lower ionization energy).

2. Larger atomic radii: Similarly, as the atomic radius increases with more electron shells, the outermost electrons are further from the nucleus. This distance decreases the attractive force between the nucleus and the outermost electrons, again making it easier to remove an electron (lower ionization energy).

Therefore, the answer is "I and II only".

Which characteristic(s) is/are responsible for the changes seen in the first ionization energy when moving down a column?1 pointIncreased shielding of electronsLarger atomic radiiIncreasing nuclear attraction for electronsI and II onlyAll of the above

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