Question 59A musician plays the trumpet in a marching band. The musician tunes the trumpet inside a room and then goes outside to play. When outside, the trumpet sounds flat (plays a lower frequency). Which of the following has occurred to account for the decrease in the frequency?A.The air outside is warmer than inside, which increased the speed of the sound waves.B.More energy is dissipated outside, which caused the sound waves to lose energy.C.The musician shortened the length of the trumpet, which decreased the wavelength of the sound waves.D.The air outside is cooler than inside, which decreased the speed of the sound waves.
Question
Question 59A musician plays the trumpet in a marching band. The musician tunes the trumpet inside a room and then goes outside to play. When outside, the trumpet sounds flat (plays a lower frequency). Which of the following has occurred to account for the decrease in the frequency?A.The air outside is warmer than inside, which increased the speed of the sound waves.B.More energy is dissipated outside, which caused the sound waves to lose energy.C.The musician shortened the length of the trumpet, which decreased the wavelength of the sound waves.D.The air outside is cooler than inside, which decreased the speed of the sound waves.
Solution
The correct answer is D. The air outside is cooler than inside, which decreased the speed of the sound waves.
Here's why:
Sound travels through air as a wave. The speed of sound is affected by the temperature of the air through which it travels. When the air is warmer, sound waves travel faster. Conversely, when the air is cooler, sound waves travel slower.
In this scenario, the musician tuned their trumpet inside a room, likely at a warmer temperature. When they went outside to play, the air was cooler. This decrease in temperature would cause the sound waves from the trumpet to travel slower, resulting in a lower frequency or a "flatter" sound.
Therefore, the decrease in frequency is not due to the air outside being warmer (option A), energy dissipation (option B), or the musician shortening the length of the trumpet (option C). It is due to the cooler outside air slowing down the speed of the sound waves (option D).
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