All About Animals is a pet store in Melbourne. Its business philosophy is based on the ethical treatment of animals, and it focuses on finding new homes for abandoned pets. All About Animals operates from large premises, and consistently with its business philosophy, it allows some kinds of animals to roam (or fly) freely throughout the store – including dogs, cats, and birds. In September 2017, Angus visited All About Animals at 11:00AM, to deliver a crate of dog food. Angus works for Happy Hounds, a business supplying pet food to All About Animals. While in the store, Angus slips over in a puddle of water, badly injuring his leg. He requires medical treatment and is unable to work for 2 months, and as a result incurs medical expenses and a loss of income. The puddle had formed when a dog, chasing a cat through the store, knocked over a container of water that had been set up for the store’s birds to drink from. Angus was on his way out of the store and was using a mobile phone to send his friend a text message at the time when he slipped over. Staff at All About Animals clean the store twice a day – once at 9:00AM, when the store opens, and again at 12:00PM, in the middle of the day. It is common for pet food and water bowls to be spilled during the course of the day, as a result of animals moving throughout the store. Explain whether All About Animals is liable, in the tort of negligence, for Angus’ injuries. Please discuss all elements of a negligence action and any defences that might apply. Please ensure that you use relevant legal principles and authority in support of your answer (ie. legislation and cases).

All About Animals is expanding, and is considering opening a new store on the other side of Melbourne. It hires Paige, a business analyst, to provide a report assessing the proposed new store’s feasibility. It is important for All About Animals that the new store is profitable, as losses will affect its ability to re-home abandoned pets (and therefore to achieve the business’ core purpose). Paige analyses the business processes of All About Animals, the demographics of its customer base, and the location of the proposed new store. Paige’s written report recommends going ahead with the new store, and All About Animals opens the new store. When preparing her report, Paige was unaware that the local council had just approved a massive long-term construction project on the property next door. Noise from the demolition and construction work seriously impacts upon the new store. Customer numbers are much lower than they would be otherwise, and significant losses are incurred. The construction project would have been discovered if Paige had made enquiries with the local council. Does Paige owe a duty of care to All About Animals in the tort of negligence, in relation to the provision of her advice? Do not discuss other elements of the tort of negligence when answering this question. Please ensure that you use relevant legal principles and authority in support of your answer (ie. cases and/or legislation).

Pet World purchases all of its inventory items from different wholesale suppliers, that delivers the items to Pet World’s warehouse in Johannesburg. These items are then stored at the warehouse until it is despatched to different stores to be sold to customers. / Pet World koop al hul voorraaditems van verskillende groothandelsverskaffers aan, wat die items by Pet World se pakhuis in Johannesburg aflewer. Hierdie items word dan by die pakhuis gestoor totdat dit na verskillende winkels versend word om aan klante verkoop te word.The financial manager, Mrs Bulk, provided you with the extract of the inventory and production cycle’s system description for the “storage of finished goods function” of Pet World. /Die finansiële bestuurder, mev. Bulk, het die uittreksel van die voorraad- en produksiesiklus se stelselbeskrywing vir die "berging van voltooide goedere-funksie" van Pet World aan u verskaf.REQUIRED / VERLANGIdentify one (1) weakness in the “storage of finished goods function” of Pet World, as evident from only the information provided. Click on the information in the picture where it best illustrates a weakness in this extract. / Identifiseer een (1) swakpunt in die “berging van voltooide goedere-funksie” van Pet World, soos duidelik uit slegs die inligting verskaf. Klik op die inligting in die prent waar dit 'n swakpunt in hierdie uittreksel die beste illustreer.Remember WEAKNESS = A deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will NOT be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis.  This means, the internal control is either not there, or not working the way it should. / Onthou SWAKPUNT = ’n Tekortkoming, of ’n kombinasie van tekortkominge, in interne beheer, sodanig dat daar ’n redelike moontlikheid is dat ’n wesenlike wanvoorstelling van die entiteit se finansiële state NIE betyds voorkom, of opgespoor en reggestel sal word NIE. Dit beteken dat die interne kontrole óf nie daar is nie, óf nie werk soos dit moet nie.Hot Spot ItemsItem 1 Weakness Hot Spot Image

Pet World purchases all of their inventory items from different wholesale suppliers, that delivers the items to Pet World’s warehouse in Johannesburg. These items are then stored at the warehouse until it is despatched to different stores to be sold to customers. / Pet World koop al hul voorraaditems van verskillende groothandelsverskaffers aan, wat die items by Pet World se pakhuis in Johannesburg aflewer. Hierdie items word dan by die pakhuis gestoor totdat dit na verskillende winkels versend word om aan klante verkoop te word.The financial manager, Mrs Bulk, provided you with the extract of the inventory and production cycle’s system description for the “maintenance of inventory records function” of Pet World. /Die finansiële bestuurder, mev. Bulk, het die uittreksel van die voorraad- en produksiesiklus se stelselbeskrywing vir die "instandhouding van voorraadrekords-funksie" van Pet World aan u verskaf.REQUIRED / VERLANGIdentify one (1) weakness in the “maintenance of inventory records function” of Pet World, as evident from only the information provided. Click on the information in the picture where it best illustrates a weakness in this extract. / Identifiseer een (1) swakpunt in die “instandhouding van voorraadrekords-funksie” van Pet World, soos duidelik uit slegs die inligting verskaf. Klik op die inligting in die prent waar dit 'n swakpunt in hierdie uittreksel die beste illustreer.Remember WEAKNESS = A deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will NOT be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis.  This means, the internal control is either not there, or not working the way it should. / Onthou SWAKPUNT = ’n Tekortkoming, of ’n kombinasie van tekortkominge, in interne beheer, sodanig dat daar ’n redelike moontlikheid is dat ’n wesenlike wanvoorstelling van die entiteit se finansiële state NIE betyds voorkom, of opgespoor en reggestel sal word NIE. Dit beteken dat die interne kontrole óf nie daar is nie, óf nie werk soos dit moet nie.Hot Spot ItemsItem 1 Weakness Hot Spot Image

Tutorial 5Building on content from Lecture 5 (Restrictions on Member Decision-Making andDirectors and Other Officers)ReadingsHargovan, Chapters 14 and 19.1-19.4TasksQuestion 1Pets Pty Ltd (Pets) operates a business selling pet products (dog and cat food, kitty litter, leashes,etc) all around Australia.Pets is owned by Merve, Silvia, Roger and Oliver. Merve and Silvia together own 75% of the sharesand are Managing Director and Company Secretary respectively. Roger and Oliver own 25% of theremaining shares between them.Although they are minority shareholders, Roger and Oliver like to be informed about everything thatis happening in the business. As they have indicated that they might like to invest more money inPets, Merve and Silvia have indulged them by discussing company matters that are not within theirpower as shareholders.However, this practice has become very time consuming, especially because Merve and Silvia andRoger and Oliver disagree about many things. For example, Merve and Silvia are convinced that Petsneeds to capitalise on the new interest in pet ownership by purchasing a dog kennel that breeds pugdogs. Roger and Oliver are opposed to buying that business on grounds that it is a puppy farm. Thereis an acrimonious discussion about the topic, one of many.Merve and Silvia have recently met Brandy, who runs a small private equity business. She seespotential in Pets and has offered to refinance Pets. Specifically, she has offered to provide enoughmoney to Pets to buy out Roger and Oliver’s share of the capital and purchase the dog kennel.However, Roger and Oliver don’t want to sell their shares.Merve and Silvia wonder whether they can pass a resolution to change the constitution to forceRoger and Oliver to sell their shares to them (Merve and Silvia). They tell you that there is a‘desperate need to harmonise relationships between the shareholders and management’ and thatthey would be willing to Roger and Oliver 75% of the estimated market price, as calculated by thecompany accountant. Considering the equitable limit on minority voting power, is the constitutionalamendment within Merve and Silvia’s power? Explain your answer

Owning a PetPets are loyal companions and can benefit their owners in a number of ways. Apart from being a companion and playmate, a pet brings joy and relaxation to its owner. Hillary Johnson, a renowned psychologist, in her article "A Pet is the Best Medicine," states that a pet can benefit its owner both emotionally and psychologically. She says that pets have the ability to reduce anxiety and contribute to the overall well-being of their owners.Animal Shelters and Rescue OrganizationsIn the United States, thousands of animals, especially dogs and cats, end up in animal shelters every year, and the numbers are increasing every day because most people prefer buying pets from breeders to adopting from shelters or rescue organizations. Animal shelters are full of pets who are either lost or have been abandoned by their owners. Even though shelters and rescue organizations provide care for animals, the animals crave love and are in desperate need of a home and a family.Adopting Pets Saves Money and TimeAdopting a pet from an animal shelter is cheaper, or sometimes free, as opposed to buying one from a pet shop. Most animal shelters contain pets that have already been vaccinated and house trained. Pets that have lost their homes in the past are usually aware of the basic commands and do not require extensive training. Moreover, there are organizations such as the Shelter Pet Project that focus mainly on promoting animal adoption and providing people with pets of various breeds. This type of organization allows a person to adopt a pet of any age, color, or breed.Supporting Nonprofit OrganizationsMany rescue groups and animal shelters are nonprofit organizations. Adopting a pet from such an organization not only means providing a home and giving a new life to an animal, but it also means supporting a good cause. Adopting a pet would create space for other animals that need shelter, and the money that the organizations receive from adoptions could be utilized in taking good care of the animals that are kept in shelters.Adopting Brings HappinessAdopting a pet means helping an animal that is in desperate need of a home. The pride and joy that a person gets from adopting a pet is one of a kind. All animals require love and care, and adopted pets are no different. Adopting a pet means saving an animal and gaining a friend.19Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.Read the passage. Then choose the best way to complete the sentence.The author uses print features to .