Suppose the synthesis of ethylene dichloride proceeds by the following mechanism:step elementary reaction rate constant1 →+CH2CH2gCl2g+CH2CH2Cl+gCl−g k12 →+CH2CH2Cl+gCl−gCH2CH2Cl2g k2Suppose also k1 ≪ k2. That is, the first step is much slower than the second.Write the balanced chemical equation for the overall chemical reaction. Write the experimentally-observable rate law for the overall chemical reaction. =ratek Note: your answer should not contain the concentrations of any intermediates.
Question
Suppose the synthesis of ethylene dichloride proceeds by the following mechanism:step elementary reaction rate constant1 →+CH2CH2gCl2g+CH2CH2Cl+gCl−g k12 →+CH2CH2Cl+gCl−gCH2CH2Cl2g k2Suppose also k1 ≪ k2. That is, the first step is much slower than the second.Write the balanced chemical equation for the overall chemical reaction. Write the experimentally-observable rate law for the overall chemical reaction. =ratek Note: your answer should not contain the concentrations of any intermediates.
Solution
The overall balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
CH2CH2(g) + Cl2(g) → CH2CH2Cl2(g)
The rate law for the overall reaction is determined by the slowest step, also known as the rate-determining step. Since the first step is much slower than the second, it is the rate-determining step. The rate law for this step is:
rate = k1[CH2CH2][Cl2]
Therefore, the experimentally-observable rate law for the overall chemical reaction is:
rate = k[CH2CH2][Cl2]
where k is the rate constant for the overall reaction.
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