5. (a) (i) Both the bacterial cell and the plant cell contain ribosomes. What is the function of a ribosome? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (1) (ii) The plant cell contains mitochondria but the bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria. Give one other way in which the plant cell is different from the bacterial cell. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (1) Page 13 of 18(b) (i) Both cells are drawn the same length, but the magnification of each cell is different. The real length of the bacterial cell is 2 micrometres. Calculate the real length, X, of the plant cell. Give your answer in micrometres. Show clearly how you work out your answer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ X = ____________________ micrometres (2) (ii) Most mitochondria are about 3 micrometres in length. The plant cell contains mitochondria but the bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria. Use your answer to part (b)(i) and the information in the diagram to suggest why. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (1) (Total 5 marks)
Question
- (a) (i) Both the bacterial cell and the plant cell contain ribosomes. What is the function of a ribosome? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (1) (ii) The plant cell contains mitochondria but the bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria. Give one other way in which the plant cell is different from the bacterial cell. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (1) Page 13 of 18(b) (i) Both cells are drawn the same length, but the magnification of each cell is different. The real length of the bacterial cell is 2 micrometres. Calculate the real length, X, of the plant cell. Give your answer in micrometres. Show clearly how you work out your answer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ X = ____________________ micrometres (2) (ii) Most mitochondria are about 3 micrometres in length. The plant cell contains mitochondria but the bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria. Use your answer to part (b)(i) and the information in the diagram to suggest why. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (1) (Total 5 marks)
Solution
(a) (i) The function of a ribosome is to synthesize proteins. It does this by translating the genetic information in mRNA into a chain of amino acids to form a protein.
(ii) One way in which the plant cell is different from the bacterial cell is that the plant cell has a cell wall, while the bacterial cell does not.
(b) (i) If both cells are drawn the same length, but the magnification of each cell is different, we would need to know the magnification of each cell to calculate the real length of the plant cell. Without this information, we cannot calculate the real length.
(ii) The bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria because it is a prokaryotic cell, which lacks membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria. On the other hand, the plant cell is a eukaryotic cell, which contains membrane-bound organelles including mitochondria. The size of the mitochondria (about 3 micrometres) is also suitable for the size of the plant cell, but it would be too large for the bacterial cell.
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