Which of the following statements about the membranes across which gas exchange in animals occurs is true?Multiple choice question.They are always surrounded by water.They are surrounded by water in water animals, but not in terrestrial animals.They are surrounded by water in water animals and amphibians, but not in reptiles, birds and mammals.
Question
Which of the following statements about the membranes across which gas exchange in animals occurs is true?Multiple choice question.They are always surrounded by water.They are surrounded by water in water animals, but not in terrestrial animals.They are surrounded by water in water animals and amphibians, but not in reptiles, birds and mammals.
Solution
The correct answer is: They are surrounded by water in water animals, but not in terrestrial animals.
Here's why:
Gas exchange in animals occurs across a membrane in their respiratory system. In aquatic animals, this membrane is indeed surrounded by water. These animals, such as fish, have gills that allow them to extract oxygen from the water and expel carbon dioxide.
However, in terrestrial animals, this membrane is not surrounded by water. Instead, it is typically surrounded by air. These animals, such as humans and other mammals, birds, and reptiles, have lungs where gas exchange occurs. The oxygen in the air we breathe passes through the membranes in our lungs and into our bloodstream, while carbon dioxide passes from our bloodstream and into our lungs, from where it is expelled when we exhale.
Amphibians are a special case. They can breathe both through lungs (when on land) and through their skin (when in water). When they breathe through their skin, the membrane is surrounded by water. But when they breathe through their lungs, the membrane is surrounded by air. So, the statement "They are surrounded by water in water animals and amphibians, but not in reptiles, birds and mammals" is not entirely accurate, because it does not account for the fact that amphibians can also breathe air through their lungs when on land.
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