Joseph Priestley did experiments where he placed a candle and a mouse into a sealed jar. Whathappened to them? What did he discover?
Question
Joseph Priestley did experiments where he placed a candle and a mouse into a sealed jar. Whathappened to them? What did he discover?
Solution
Joseph Priestley conducted a series of experiments to study the nature of air. In one of his experiments, he placed a candle and a mouse in a sealed jar. After a while, the candle went out and the mouse eventually suffocated. This happened because both the candle and the mouse were consuming the oxygen in the jar, and once the oxygen was depleted, neither could survive.
From these experiments, Priestley discovered that plants have the ability to "restore" the air, making it fit for a mouse to breathe and a candle to burn again. This led to his discovery of oxygen, which he initially called "dephlogisticated air". He also discovered that animals and burning objects consume this oxygen, leading to the understanding of the process of respiration and combustion.
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The main, or central, idea of the passage is Fleming's chance observation of the antibacterial properties of mold led to the discovery of penicillin as a treatment. How does the detail in bold develop the main idea?In 1928, bacteriologist Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus, a type of bacteria that can cause serious infections. He grew the bacteria in small containers called petri dishes. One day he noticed that mold had accidentally been introduced into one of the petri dishes and was startled to see that there were no bacteria around the moldy area. Fleming correctly deduced that the mold had had an antibacterial effect; somehow it had prevented the bacteria from growing. Fleming identified the mold as the strain Penicillium notatum and called its antibacterial ingredient—which he was unable to successfully extract—penicillin. Fleming's discovery of penicillin's unique effect led to the eventual finding that it could be used to treat infections. Several years after his initial observation, scientists built on his work by extracting penicillin from mold and demonstrating its effectiveness as a treatment.It describes Fleming's everyday duties as a researcher.It indicates the unintentional nature of Fleming's discovery.It criticizes Fleming's procedures as unsanitary.Save answer
The main, or central, idea of the passage is Fleming's chance observation of the antibacterial properties of mold led to the discovery of penicillin as a treatment. How does the detail in bold develop the main idea?In 1928, bacteriologist Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus, a type of bacteria that can cause serious infections. He grew the bacteria in small containers called petri dishes. One day he noticed that mold had accidentally been introduced into one of the petri dishes and was startled to see that there were no bacteria around the moldy area. Fleming correctly deduced that the mold had had an antibacterial effect; somehow it had prevented the bacteria from growing. Fleming identified the mold as the strain Penicillium notatum and called its antibacterial ingredient—which he was unable to successfully extract—penicillin. Fleming's discovery of penicillin's unique effect led to the eventual finding that it could be used to treat infections. Several years after his initial observation, scientists built on his work by extracting penicillin from mold and demonstrating its effectiveness as a treatment.It describes Fleming's everyday duties as a researcher.It indicates the unintentional nature of Fleming's discovery.It criticizes Fleming's procedures as unsanitary.Submit
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