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At room temperature, copper has free electron density of 8.4 × 1028 m−3. The electron drift velocity in a copper conductor of cross-sectional area 10−6 m2 and carrying a current of 5.4 A, will be -

Question

At room temperature, copper has free electron density of 8.4 × 1028 m−3. The electron drift velocity in a copper conductor of cross-sectional area 10−6 m2 and carrying a current of 5.4 A, will be -

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Solution

The drift velocity (v) of electrons can be calculated using the formula:

v = I / (n * A * e)

where:

  • I is the current,
  • n is the number of free electrons per unit volume,
  • A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor, and
  • e is the charge of an electron (1.6 x 10^-19 C).

Given:

  • I = 5.4 A,
  • n = 8.4 x 10^28 m^-3,
  • A = 10^-6 m^2, and
  • e = 1.6 x 10^-19 C,

we can substitute these values into the formula to find:

v = 5.4 / (8.4 x 10^28 * 10^-6 * 1.6 x 10^-19) = 0.4 m/s

So, the electron drift velocity in the copper conductor is 0.4 m/s.

This problem has been solved

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