The consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol can lead to very high levels of acidity in the blood. Which of the following pairs of renal responses would most likely take place following excessive alcohol consumption?secretion of H+secretion of HCO3−reabsorption of H+reabsorption of HCO3−A.I and II onlyB.II and III onlyC.III and IV onlyD.I and IV only
Question
The consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol can lead to very high levels of acidity in the blood. Which of the following pairs of renal responses would most likely take place following excessive alcohol consumption?secretion of H+secretion of HCO3−reabsorption of H+reabsorption of HCO3−A.I and II onlyB.II and III onlyC.III and IV onlyD.I and IV only
Solution
The consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol can indeed lead to high levels of acidity in the blood, a condition known as acidosis. The kidneys respond to this by trying to balance the pH level in the body.
The kidneys can do this in two ways:
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Secretion of H+ (hydrogen ions): The kidneys excrete excess H+ ions into the urine, thereby reducing the acidity in the blood.
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Reabsorption of HCO3− (bicarbonate ions): The kidneys can also reabsorb bicarbonate ions back into the blood. Bicarbonate ions are basic (alkaline), so they can neutralize some of the excess H+ ions in the blood, reducing acidity.
Therefore, the most likely renal responses to excessive alcohol consumption and resulting acidosis would be the secretion of H+ and the reabsorption of HCO3−.
So, the correct answer is D. I and IV only.
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