A message containing letters from A-Z can be encoded into numbers using the following mapping:'A' -> "1"'B' -> "2"...'Z' -> "26"To decode an encoded message, all the digits must be grouped then mapped back into letters using the reverse of the mapping above (there may be multiple ways). For example, "11106" can be mapped into:"AAJF" with the grouping (1 1 10 6)"KJF" with the grouping (11 10 6)Note that the grouping (1 11 06) is invalid because "06" cannot be mapped into 'F' since "6" is different from "06".Given a string s containing only digits, return the number of ways to decode it.The test cases are generated so that the answer fits in a 32-bit integer. Example 1:Input: s = "12"Output: 2Explanation: "12" could be decoded as "AB" (1 2) or "L" (12).Example 2:Input: s = "226"Output: 3Explanation: "226" could be decoded as "BZ" (2 26), "VF" (22 6), or "BBF" (2 2 6).Example 3:Input: s = "06"Output: 0Explanation: "06" cannot be mapped to "F" because of the leading zero ("6" is different from "06"). Constraints:1 <= s.length <= 100s contains only digits and may contain leading zero(s).
Question
A message containing letters from A-Z can be encoded into numbers using the following mapping:'A' -> "1"'B' -> "2"...'Z' -> "26"To decode an encoded message, all the digits must be grouped then mapped back into letters using the reverse of the mapping above (there may be multiple ways). For example, "11106" can be mapped into:"AAJF" with the grouping (1 1 10 6)"KJF" with the grouping (11 10 6)Note that the grouping (1 11 06) is invalid because "06" cannot be mapped into 'F' since "6" is different from "06".Given a string s containing only digits, return the number of ways to decode it.The test cases are generated so that the answer fits in a 32-bit integer. Example 1:Input: s = "12"Output: 2Explanation: "12" could be decoded as "AB" (1 2) or "L" (12).Example 2:Input: s = "226"Output: 3Explanation: "226" could be decoded as "BZ" (2 26), "VF" (22 6), or "BBF" (2 2 6).Example 3:Input: s = "06"Output: 0Explanation: "06" cannot be mapped to "F" because of the leading zero ("6" is different from "06"). Constraints:1 <= s.length <= 100s contains only digits and may contain leading zero(s).
Solution
This problem can be solved using dynamic programming. Here are the steps:
-
Create an array dp of size n+1, where n is the length of the string s. dp[i] will store the number of ways to decode the string of length i.
-
Initialize dp[0] = 1 and dp[1] = 1 if the first character of the string is not '0', otherwise dp[1] = 0.
-
For i from 2 to n, do the following:
- If the current character (s[i-1]) is not '0', then the current character must be part of a valid decoding. So, add dp[i-1] to dp[i].
- If the last two characters form a number between 10 and 26, then these two characters can be part of a valid decoding. So, add dp[i-2] to dp[i].
-
Finally, dp[n] will give the number of ways to decode the string s.
Here is the Python code for the above steps:
def numDecodings(s):
if not s:
return 0
n = len(s)
dp = [0 for _ in range(n+1)]
dp[0] = 1
dp[1] = 1 if s[0] != '0' else 0
for i in range(2, n+1):
if s[i-1] != '0':
dp[i] += dp[i-1]
if 10 <= int(s[i-2:i]) <= 26:
dp[i] += dp[i-2]
return dp[n]
This code takes a string s as input and returns the number of ways to decode it. The time complexity is O(n), where n is the length of the string. The space complexity is also O(n) due to the use of the dp array.
Similar Questions
Given a string containing digits from 2-9 inclusive, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent. Return the answer in any order.A mapping of digits to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below. Note that 1 does not map to any letters. Example 1:Input: digits = "23"Output: ["ad","ae","af","bd","be","bf","cd","ce","cf"]Example 2:Input: digits = ""Output: []Example 3:Input: digits = "2"Output: ["a","b","c"] Constraints:0 <= digits.length <= 4digits[i] is a digit in the range ['2', '9']
Decode the following ASCII code: 1010011 1110100 1100101 1110110 1100101 0100000 1001010 1101111 1100010 1110011
our encoding and decoding abilities are greatly appreciated by Chhota Bheem. Just as he is about to induct you into his team, he got a call from his friend Perry the Platypus. This is quite alarming, because Perry hardly speaks - a phone call is only in emergency situations.Perry has an important password to crack. Unfortunately, he is on medication now. So, your expertise is expected here. Design a custom encoding scheme that transforms a string into its encoded form. The encoding process involves the following steps:Apply a shift to each character in the message based on the key provided. The shift value for each character is determined by the index (or position number) of the character in the message in English Alphabet multiplied by the corresponding digit in the key.If the shift value exceeds the index of alphabet (26), loop through the alphabet repeatedly.The only special character allowed in the message is a blank space. It has to be encoded by the following rule. The first blank space character has to be encoded as ‘a’. Second blank space character has to be encoded as ‘z’. Then, by ‘b’ and then by ‘y’. This pattern continues for the remaining blank spaces of the input message. If there are more than 26 blank spaces, the encoding pattern is repeated.Same character may be associated with different key values. So they may have different shift values. If the key length is shorter than the message length, loop through the key repeatedly until each character in the message has a corresponding digit for the shift.Handle both uppercase and lowercase letters in the message. Return the encoded message as a string in UPPERCASE. For example, The message is Hardwork never failzKey is 152Encoded string is PFBHHSJNAPJBOJZJCRTZ In the following table, first row corresponds to the input message.Second row mentions the key (Repeated till the end of message). Key value is not assigned to blank space.Third row indicates the position number of each character (of an input message) in an English alphabet. Fourth row indicates the encoded string. (Output).Hardwork never failz15215215 21521 521528118423151811 14522518 6191226PFBHHSJNAPJBOJZJCRTZExplanationIndex of H in English Alphabet is 8. Its key value is 1. So, the shift value is 1*8 = 8. From H, P is available at 8th position. So, the corresponding encoded character of H is P. Similarly, Index of R in English Alphabet is 18. Its key value is 2. So, the shift value is 2*18 = 36. From R, B is available at 36th position. Find the encoded character according to the shift value in a cyclic manner. So, the corresponding encoded character of R is B. This explanation holds valid for the R which has its key value 2. In the input message, other R are also available. But, they have different key values. So, their shift values are different. Input formatRead the input messageRead the key Output formatDisplay the encoded message Sample Input:Hardwork never failz152 Sample Output:PFBHHSJNAPJBOJZJCRTZ
Letters of English alphabet are coded in such a way thatJ+B=12P+D=20then Z+E=?
24. The person who receives the message is called _________. A. sender B. receiver C. encoding D. decoding
Upgrade your grade with Knowee
Get personalized homework help. Review tough concepts in more detail, or go deeper into your topic by exploring other relevant questions.