Suppose a jar contains 18 red marbles and 21 blue marbles. If you reach in the jar and pull out 2 marbles at random at the same time, find the probability that both are red.
Question
Suppose a jar contains 18 red marbles and 21 blue marbles. If you reach in the jar and pull out 2 marbles at random at the same time, find the probability that both are red.
Solution
Sure, let's solve this step by step:
Step 1: First, we need to find the total number of marbles in the jar. We do this by adding the number of red marbles to the number of blue marbles. So, 18 red marbles + 21 blue marbles = 39 marbles in total.
Step 2: Now, we need to find the total number of ways to draw 2 marbles from the jar. This is a combination problem, which can be solved using the combination formula: C(n, r) = n! / [r!(n-r)!], where n is the total number of items, r is the number of items to choose, and "!" denotes factorial. So, the total number of ways to draw 2 marbles from 39 is C(39, 2) = 39! / [2!(39-2)!] = 741 combinations.
Step 3: Next, we need to find the number of ways to draw 2 red marbles. Again, this is a combination problem, so we use the combination formula: C(18, 2) = 18! / [2!(18-2)!] = 153 combinations.
Step 4: Finally, we find the probability that both marbles drawn are red by dividing the number of ways to draw 2 red marbles by the total number of ways to draw 2 marbles. So, the probability = 153 / 741 = 0.206 (rounded to three decimal places).
So, the probability that both marbles drawn are red is approximately 0.206, or 20.6%.
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