Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a __ disorder.Group of answer choicesantisocial personalitymoodposttraumatic stressschizotypal personality
Question
Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a __ disorder.Group of answer choicesantisocial personalitymoodposttraumatic stressschizotypal personality
Solution
To determine the correct answer, let's analyze the symptoms and context provided:
- Jumpy and irritable: These are common symptoms of heightened anxiety and stress.
- Avoids talking about her friend: This suggests avoidance behavior, which is often seen in individuals trying to avoid reminders of a traumatic event.
- Flashbacks to the explosion: Flashbacks are a hallmark symptom of re-experiencing a traumatic event.
Given these symptoms and the context of a traumatic event (the explosion and the death of her friend), the most appropriate diagnosis is:
- Posttraumatic stress disorder: This disorder is characterized by symptoms such as re-experiencing the traumatic event (flashbacks), avoidance of reminders of the trauma, heightened arousal (jumpy and irritable), and negative changes in mood and cognition.
Therefore, Cordelia is experiencing a posttraumatic stress disorder.
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Psychopath. It is a term that tends to conjure images of violent criminals or public figures capable of heinous or egregiously selfish acts on a broader scale. Yet the reality of this condition is far more nuanced than these stereotypes hold. While it is true that people with the condition display a range of disconcerting tendencies—including low empathy and remorse, grandiosity, impulsivity, and sometimes aggressive or violent behavior—new findings show not only that people with psychopathy have varying degrees and types of this condition but that the condition and its precursors can be treated. “Psychopathy is a condition that causes people to do things that reduce our compassion for them, and so there’s a resistance to funding and treating it,” said Georgetown University psychologist and neuroscientist Abigail Marsh, PhD, who studies psychopathy and is cofounder of PsychopathyIs, an organization that promotes awareness of the condition and provides support and resources for affected families. “But as a scientific community, we have to recognize that psychopathy has all the hallmarks of a true disorder and that all of us will be better—the people who are affected, their families, and the broader community—if we take it seriously.” In fact, it is common to have some degree of psychopathic tendencies, if not the condition itself: According to PsychopathyIs, as much as 30% of the population displays some degree of reduced empathy, risk-taking, and overly high self-regard, though the percentage of people with high degrees of these traits is much smaller. In this sense, Marsh believes that autism holds a useful parallel, because there are greater and lesser degrees of autistic traits and because early intervention can make a big difference in later outcomes. (Not everyone in the mental health community agrees that psychopathy is a spectrum-based disorder.) “My hope,” said Marsh, “is that the development of interventions and therapy for people with psychopathy will follow the same ultimate trajectory that is taking place for people with other spectrum-based disorders like autism.” ADVERTISEMENT What is psychopathy? About 1.2% of U.S. adult men and 0.3% to 0.7% of U.S. adult women are considered to have clinically significant levels of psychopathic traits. Those numbers rise exponentially in prison, where 15% to 25% of inmates show these characteristics (Burton, B., & Saleh, F. M., Psychiatric Times, Vol. 37, No. 10, 2020). That said, psychopathy spans socioeconomic status, race, gender, and culture, and those who score high on psychopathy scales range from high-functioning executives to prison inmates to people whose psychopathic symptoms may reflect difficult life circumstances more than anything else. “In any culture you visit, you can describe the key personality features of someone with psychopathy and ask, ‘Are there people like this in your society?’” Marsh said. “And they will say, ‘Oh, yeah.’ But the way that these traits are interpret
Julie is constantly experiencing pain. She thinks the pain is so bad that it could kill her. She does not know where the source of pain is coming from but she spends hours a day looking it up online and she is always going to the doctor's office. We can conclude that Julie is probably dealing with.... Group of answer choicesConversion disorder Factitious disorderSomatic symptom disorder Illness anxiety disorder
Jane is a first year student keen to major in psychology, she is attending her first tutorial. Although she made some new friends during the orientation camps, she felt rather anxious about the class as she didn't recognize anyone in it when she went in. Midway through, the TA asked Jane to respond to a question, Jane found that though she thought she knew the answer, she was completely unable to respond to the TA, lapsing into an awkward silence. Which disorder might Jane be suffering from? Group of answer choicesGeneralized Anxiety DisorderSocial Anxiety DisorderAntisocial Personality DisorderImposter SyndromeNot enough information to tell
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