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What is the correct order of increasing boiling points?A.     CH3CH3<CH3CH2Cl<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH2IB.     CH3CH2Cl<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH3<CH3CH2IC.     CH3CH2I<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH2Cl<CH3CH3D.

Question

What is the correct order of increasing boiling points?A.     CH3CH3<CH3CH2Cl<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH2IB.     CH3CH2Cl<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH3<CH3CH2IC.     CH3CH2I<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH2Cl<CH3CH3D.

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Solution

The correct order of increasing boiling points is based on the strength of the intermolecular forces. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.

The intermolecular forces in these molecules are London dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions.

  1. London dispersion forces: These are present in all molecules and increase with the size and shape of the molecule. In this case, all molecules have similar sizes and shapes, so this factor does not significantly affect the boiling point.

  2. Dipole-dipole interactions: These are present in polar molecules. In this case, all molecules are polar, but the strength of the dipole depends on the electronegativity of the atoms. Chlorine, bromine, and iodine are all more electronegative than carbon, but iodine is less electronegative than bromine, which is less electronegative than chlorine. Therefore, CH3CH2Cl has the strongest dipole-dipole interactions and CH3CH2I has the weakest.

Therefore, the correct order of increasing boiling points is CH3CH3<CH3CH2I<CH3CH2Br<CH3CH2Cl, which corresponds to option A.

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