Which mechanism is commonly used to break deadlocks in a database system?Rollback and RestartTimeout mechanism

The mechanisms commonly used to break deadlocks in a database system are:

1. Rollback and Restart: This mechanism involves rolling back the transaction to its initial state and restarting it. If the transaction again enters a deadlock situation, it is rolled back again. This process continues until the transaction is able to complete without causing a deadlock.

2. Timeout mechanism: In this method, each transaction is allowed to wait for a specified amount of time to acquire a lock on the resource. If the transaction is unable to acquire the lock within this time, it is rolled back and restarted. This prevents the system from entering a deadlock situation as a transaction will not wait indefinitely for a resource, thus freeing up resources for other transactions.