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Professor Romano looks at ways to improve student learning. She gives half of her students practice quizzes with only multiple choice questions. She gives the other half of her students practice quizzes that also include short answer questions. Then she looks at how students perform on the exam. Which of the following would be a NOISE variable?Group of answer choicesIf a student already makes their own short answer questions to practice their understandingThe students in the short answer group have a higher average already (before the exam) than the students in the multiple choice groupAll of the students are in the same class sectionWhat type of quiz questions the students saw

Question

Professor Romano looks at ways to improve student learning. She gives half of her students practice quizzes with only multiple choice questions. She gives the other half of her students practice quizzes that also include short answer questions. Then she looks at how students perform on the exam. Which of the following would be a NOISE variable?Group of answer choicesIf a student already makes their own short answer questions to practice their understandingThe students in the short answer group have a higher average already (before the exam) than the students in the multiple choice groupAll of the students are in the same class sectionWhat type of quiz questions the students saw

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Solution

A noise variable in this study could be "If a student already makes their own short answer questions to practice their understanding". This is because it's an external factor that could affect a student's performance on the exam, but it's not something that the professor is controlling or manipulating in her study. It's "noise" because it could potentially 'drown out' the effect of the type of practice quizzes on exam performance.

Another potential noise variable could be "The students in the short answer group have a higher average already (before the exam) than the students in the multiple choice group". This is because it's a pre-existing difference between the groups that could affect exam performance, independent of the type of practice quizzes.

The other two options ("All of the students are in the same class section" and "What type of quiz questions the students saw") are not noise variables. The first one is a controlled variable, something that the professor is keeping constant to ensure that the groups are comparable. The second one is the independent variable, the factor that the professor is manipulating to see its effect on the dependent variable (exam performance).

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