A white box tester looking for path traversal vulnerabilities would typically look for the following code patterns or practices:

1. **Unsanitized User Input**: This is the most common cause of path traversal vulnerabilities. The tester would look for instances where the application is using user-supplied input to construct file paths without properly sanitizing it first.

2. **Lack of Input Validation**: The tester would look for instances where the application is not validating or is improperly validating user-supplied input. This could include not checking for special characters or sequences like "../" that could be used to traverse directories.

3. **Insecure Default Configurations**: The tester would look for instances where the application is using insecure default configurations that could allow for path traversal. This could include configurations that allow for directory listing or that use insecure file permissions.

4. **Insecure Error Handling**: The tester would look for instances where the application is revealing sensitive information through error messages. This information could be used by an attacker to exploit a path traversal vulnerability.

5. **Insecure Use of File System APIs**: The tester would look for instances where the application is using file system APIs insecurely. This could include using APIs that do not check for path traversal sequences or that do not properly handle symbolic links.

6. **Lack of Least Privilege Principle**: The tester would look for instances where the application is running with more privileges than it needs to perform its function. This could make it easier for an attacker to exploit a path traversal vulnerability.

7. **Lack of Proper Access Controls**: The tester would look for instances where the application is not properly enforcing access controls on files and directories. This could allow an attacker to access sensitive files through a path traversal vulnerability.

Question

A white box tester looking for path traversal vulnerabilities would typically look for the following code patterns or practices:

1. **Unsanitized User Input**: This is the most common cause of path traversal vulnerabilities. The tester would look for instances where the application is using user-supplied input to construct file paths without properly sanitizing it first.

2. **Lack of Input Validation**: The tester would look for instances where the application is not validating or is improperly validating user-supplied input. This could include not checking for special characters or sequences like "../" that could be used to traverse directories.

3. **Insecure Default Configurations**: The tester would look for instances where the application is using insecure default configurations that could allow for path traversal. This could include configurations that allow for directory listing or that use insecure file permissions.

4. **Insecure Error Handling**: The tester would look for instances where the application is revealing sensitive information through error messages. This information could be used by an attacker to exploit a path traversal vulnerability.

5. **Insecure Use of File System APIs**: The tester would look for instances where the application is using file system APIs insecurely. This could include using APIs that do not check for path traversal sequences or that do not properly handle symbolic links.

6. **Lack of Least Privilege Principle**: The tester would look for instances where the application is running with more privileges than it needs to perform its function. This could make it easier for an attacker to exploit a path traversal vulnerability.

7. **Lack of Proper Access Controls**: The tester would look for instances where the application is not properly enforcing access controls on files and directories. This could allow an attacker to access sensitive files through a path traversal vulnerability.

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