Define covalent and non-covalent bonding

Covalent bonding is a type of chemical bonding where two atoms share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. This type of bonding occurs between nonmetal atoms. In a covalent bond, the shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, creating a strong bond.

Non-covalent bonding, on the other hand, refers to the interactions between molecules or atoms that do not involve the sharing of electrons. These interactions are generally weaker than covalent bonds and can include hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions.

To summarize, covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms, while non-covalent bonding refers to weaker interactions between molecules or atoms that do not involve electron sharing.