The road development authority of Sri lanka is proposing to develop a new expressway from kottawa to Rathanapura. RDA has commissioned an EIA to assess the potential environmental impacts of the project and to propose mitifation measures to minimize or offset any adverse effects. Identify five project activities during the pre construction phase and construction phase and three project activities during the post construction phase.

Pre-construction Phase:

1. Land Surveying: This involves the examination and measurement of the land where the expressway will be built. This is to ensure that the land is suitable for construction.
2. Designing: This involves creating a detailed plan of the expressway, including the number of lanes, the location of exits and entrances, and other important features.
3. Obtaining Permits: Before construction can begin, the RDA must obtain all necessary permits and approvals from local and national authorities.
4. Clearing and Excavation: This involves the removal of trees, vegetation, and other obstacles from the construction site. It also involves the excavation of the land to prepare it for construction.
5. Setting up Construction Site: This involves setting up all necessary facilities and equipment at the construction site, including temporary offices, storage areas, and worker accommodations.

Construction Phase:

1. Earthworks: This involves the movement and placement of large amounts of soil and rock to create the foundation for the expressway.
2. Paving: This involves the laying of asphalt or concrete to create the road surface.
3. Building Bridges and Overpasses: If the expressway crosses rivers or other roads, bridges and overpasses will need to be built.
4. Installing Signage and Lighting: This involves the installation of road signs, traffic lights, and street lights.
5. Landscaping: This involves the planting of trees and other vegetation along the expressway to improve its appearance and to provide a barrier against noise and wind.

Post-construction Phase:

1. Road Testing: This involves testing the expressway to ensure that it is safe for use. This may include driving vehicles on the road, checking the signage and lighting, and inspecting the road surface for defects.
2. Maintenance: This involves regular checks and repairs to ensure that the expressway remains in good condition. This may include filling potholes, replacing damaged signs, and cleaning drainage systems.
3. Monitoring Environmental Impact: This involves monitoring the expressway to assess its impact on the environment. This may include checking air and water quality, monitoring noise levels, and observing the health of vegetation and wildlife in the area.