Which of the following statements is true about mutations?i. They can produce new alleles of existing genes.ii. They can be inherited if they are in somatic cells.iii. They may affect a single codon or a part of a chromosomeiv. They are always linked to diseasei, ii and iiii and iiiii and iiii, ii, iii and iv
Question
Which of the following statements is true about mutations?i. They can produce new alleles of existing genes.ii. They can be inherited if they are in somatic cells.iii. They may affect a single codon or a part of a chromosomeiv. They are always linked to diseasei, ii and iiii and iiiii and iiii, ii, iii and iv
Solution
The correct answer is i and iii.
Explanation:
i. They can produce new alleles of existing genes - This is true. Mutations can indeed produce new alleles of existing genes. This is how genetic variation occurs.
ii. They can be inherited if they are in somatic cells - This is false. Mutations in somatic cells (the cells that are not involved in reproduction) are not passed on to offspring. Only mutations in germ cells (the cells involved in reproduction) can be inherited.
iii. They may affect a single codon or a part of a chromosome - This is true. Mutations can affect a single codon (which may result in the production of a different amino acid during protein synthesis), or they can affect a larger part of a chromosome (for example, in chromosomal disorders like Down syndrome).
iv. They are always linked to disease - This is false. While some mutations can cause disease, many mutations are neutral and do not cause any noticeable effect. Some mutations can even be beneficial.
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