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During halogenation of benzene, the intermediate sigma complex is ___________ with a base to create the final, uncharged, aromatic product. During sulfonation of benzene, the intermediate sigma complex is ____________ to give an anion, which is ___________ to form the final, uncharged, aromatic product.Select answer from the options belowprotonated; deprotonated; protonateddeprotonated; protonated; protonatedprotonated; protonated; deprotonateddeprotonated; deprotonated; protonated

Question

During halogenation of benzene, the intermediate sigma complex is ___________ with a base to create the final, uncharged, aromatic product. During sulfonation of benzene, the intermediate sigma complex is ____________ to give an anion, which is ___________ to form the final, uncharged, aromatic product.Select answer from the options belowprotonated; deprotonated; protonateddeprotonated; protonated; protonatedprotonated; protonated; deprotonateddeprotonated; deprotonated; protonated

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Solution

The correct answer is "protonated; deprotonated; protonated".

Here's the step-by-step explanation:

  1. During halogenation of benzene, the intermediate sigma complex is protonated. This means a proton (H+) is added to the sigma complex, which stabilizes the complex and allows the reaction to proceed.

  2. During sulfonation of benzene, the intermediate sigma complex is deprotonated. This means a proton (H+) is removed from the sigma complex, which results in the formation of an anion (a negatively charged ion).

  3. This anion is then protonated, meaning a proton (H+) is added back to it. This restores the aromaticity of the benzene ring and forms the final, uncharged, aromatic product.

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